标题：海口地区感染性腹泻病原体监测及流行病学特征分析

      作者：陈小佳 1，2，王琼妹 2，聂绍发 1    (1.华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院，湖北 武汉 430030；2.海口市疾病预防控制中心，海南 海口 571100)

      卷次： 2018年29卷13期

      【摘要】 目的 了解海口地区感染性腹泻致病菌病原谱构成情况和流行病学特征，为防治工作提供科学依据。方法 将2014-2016年每年的5~10月在海口地区各监测点医院送检的384份感染性腹泻患者粪便标本，通过增菌、培养、生化分析及血清凝集实验进行菌株鉴定，同时填写流行病学调查表，了解患者信息。结果 384份感染性腹泻患者粪便标本检出病原菌104株，阳性率为27.08%。其中副溶血弧菌位居所有检出菌的首位(66.35%，69/104)，其次是气单胞菌(16.35%，17/104)、河弧菌(3.85%，4/104)。患者主要集中在20~50岁（79.4%，305/384），病原菌的检出具有明显的季节性，7月是高峰。结论 海口地区的感染性腹泻由多种病原体引起，病原菌的分布与患者年龄和季节存在关联，因此加强对腹泻的流行病学监测和扩大病原菌监测范围对感染性腹泻的防控至关重要。
      【关键词】 海口；感染性腹泻；病原谱；流行病学特征
      【中图分类号】 R442.2 【文献标识码】 C 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2018）13—1902—03

Pathogenic surveillance and epidemiological characteristics of infectious diarrhea in Haikou area.
CHEN Xiao-jia 1,2,WANG Qiong-mei 2, NIE Shao-fa 1. 1. School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Scienceand Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, CHINA; 2. Haikou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 571100,Hainan, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To understand the pathogenic spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of infectiousdiarrhea in Haikou and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control work. Methods A total of 384 stoolspecimens collected from May to Oct. in 2014-2016 from infectious diarrhea patients in different monitoring sites,which were detected by the isolation culture, biochemical identification and serotyping methods. The epidemiologicalquestionnaire was used to survey the patients' information. Results Among the 384 stool specimens, 104 strains ofpathogenic bacteria were detected, with the positive rate of 27.08% . Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the most frequentlypathogen, accounting for 66.35% (69/104), followed by Aeromonas, accounting for 16.35% (17/104), and Vibrio fluvialis,accounting for 3.85% (4/104). Most of patients were aged 20-50 years old (79.4%, 305/384). There was obvious seasonal-ity in the positive detection of pathogens, and the peak time was July. Conclusion Infectious diarrhea in Haikou area iscaused by many kinds of pathogens. The distribution of pathogens is related to the patient's age and season. Therefore, it’simportant to strengthen the epidemiological surveillance of diarrhea and increase the scale of pathogenic surveillance forthe prevention and control of the disease.
      【Key words】 Haikou; Infectious diarrhea; Pathogenic spectrum; Epidemiological features·疾病监控·doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6350.2018.13.039