标题：眉山市彭山区女性产后意外妊娠人工流产调查

      作者：骆丽，张婧楠，罗娟    (眉山市彭山区人民医院妇产科，四川 眉山 620860)

      卷次： 2018年29卷9期

      【摘要】 目的 了解本地区女性产后近期意外妊娠人工流产的现状，为产后妇女制定有针对的产后避孕及生殖健康服务提供依据。方法 于2016年3月至2016年12月采用随机抽样方法对眉山市彭山区已婚育龄妇女进行抽取样本，并在当地社区居委会或村委会的协助下对其已婚育龄妇女进行匿名问卷调查。统计分析其一般人口学特征、产后近期(1年)意外妊娠史、人工流产史、意外妊娠的原因以及结局等。结果 本次共调查6 504名已婚育龄妇女，其中年龄段主要为26~30岁，占34.99%，职业多为农民，占58.99%，文化程度多为初中，占38.38%。产后1年意外妊娠共568名，发生率为8.73%。不同年龄段中≤25岁组意外妊娠率发生率最高，占11.95%。不同文化程度中小学及以下组意外妊娠发生率最高，占13.76%。意外妊娠在有无流产史和丈夫避孕态度中差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)，但在不同职业中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。避孕人数在不同年龄段、有无流产史组和丈夫避孕态度中差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)，在不同职业和不同文化程度中差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。产后1年意外妊娠人数共568例，其中选择人工流产的妇女共425例(74.82%)。425例人工流产妇女中，≤25岁意外妊娠组与其他各组比较、小学及以下组与其他文化程度组比较、丈夫避孕态度积极组与不积极组比较，差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)，但是在不同职业组和是否有流产史组中，差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 年龄越小避孕的人数占比就越小，意外妊娠的发生率就越高，而且有流产史和丈夫避孕态度不积极者的意外妊娠发生率也明显提高。再者年龄越小、受教育程度越低以及丈夫避孕态度积极者其产后1年意外妊娠后选择人工流产的可能性越高。
      【关键词】 产后意外妊娠；人工流产；调查
      【中图分类号】 R169.42 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2018）09—1305—04

Investigation and analysis of artificial abortion of female pregnant women in Pengshan District of meishan.
LUOLI, ZHANG Jing-nan, LUO Juan. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the People's Hospital of Pengshan District ofMeishan, Meishan 620860, Sichuan, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To understand and analyze the present situation of female abortion in recent years, and to pro-vide evidence for postpartum contraceptive and reproductive health services for postpartum women. Methods Random sam-pling method was used to extract the samples of married women of childbearing age in Pengshan District, Meishan City, Sich-uan Province during March 2016 to December 2016. And the anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted on themarried women of childbearing age with the assistance of the local community neighborhood committees or village com-mittee. The demographic characteristics, postpartum recent (1 year) accidental pregnancy history, abortion history, thecause and outcome of accidental pregnancy were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 6 504 married women ofchildbearing age were investigated. Among them, 34.99% were aged from 26 to 30 years old, 58.99% were farmers, and38.38% had educational background of junior middle schools. One year after delivery, there was a total of 568 cases ofpregnancy with the incidence of 8.73%. Among the different aged groups, there was the highest accidental pregnancyrate of 11.95% in the age group≤25 years old. Among different educational back ground groups, there was the highestaccidental pregnancy rate of 13.76% in educational background of high and junior middle schools and below these.There were significant differences in unexpected pregnancies for the presence or absence of miscarriage history and hus-band's attitude toward contraception (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference for the different occupations(P>0.05). There were significant differences of the number of contraceptives in the different aged groups, the presence orabsence of abortion history, husband’s attitude toward contraception (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference indifferent occupations and different educational levels (P>0.05). The number of unintended pregnancies at 1 year postpar-tum was 568, of which 425 (74.82%) had induced abortions. Among the 425 cases of abortions, there were significantdifferences between the accidental pregnancy group of≤25 years old and other aged groups, between the group of edu-cational background of junior middle schools and below and other groups of educational background, between the differ-ent husband’s attitude toward contraception (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference between the different occu-pational groups and between whether there was the history of abortion (P>0.05). Conclusion Women with younger agetend to have lower proportion of contraception and higher incidence of accidental pregnancy. The incidence of unexpect-ed pregnancy also significantly increased for the persons with the history of abortion and husband's inactive attitude to-ward contraception. Moreover, the women with younger age, lower the