标题：海口市秀英区2016年社区居民健康状况及卫生服务现况调查

      作者：朱庆 1，赵婵娟 2，林灵恩 1    (1.海口市疾病预防控制中心，海南 海口 571100；2.海南医学院公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室，海南 海口 571199)

      卷次： 2018年29卷8期

      【摘要】 目的 了解海口市秀英区社区居民健康状况及卫生服务现况，为制订区域卫生规划提供科学依据。方法 海口市市、区疾病预防控制中心和海南医学院于2016年4~8月采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法，由全区19个社区卫生服务机构各自抽取辖区2个居(村)委会，通过问卷调查的方式对3 400户11 808名居民健康状况及卫生服务利用情况进行调查，并通过社区卫生服务机构填报《基层卫生服务机构情况调查表》方式掌握19家社区卫生服务机构服务资源配置情况。结果 居民高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中、慢性阻塞性肺疾病及其他慢性病患病率分别为7.3%、1.6%、0.6%、1.0%、3.3%。过去一年住院疾病前5位为高血压、肺炎、脑梗塞、糖尿病、支气管炎，死亡疾病前3位为恶性肿瘤癌症(22.4%)、心脑血管疾病(20.7%)、意外事故(12.9%)。成年居民吸烟率、饮酒率、超重率、肥胖率分别为23.0%、19.6%、28.8%、4.1%；40~59岁男性吸烟率、饮酒率、超重和肥胖率均高于其他年龄段，差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。社区卫生服务机构覆盖所有社区，医务人员中专及以下学历占 59.5%，初级及以下职称占94.0%。居民对社区卫生服务满意率为62.5%。结论 高血压、糖尿病等慢性病是影响秀英区居民的主要健康问题，40~59岁的男性居民慢性病行为危险因素突出。秀英区社区卫生服务可及性高，但卫生人才缺乏。
      【关键词】 健康状况；社区卫生服务；患病率；调查
      【中图分类号】 R195 【文献标识码】 D 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2018）08—1174—03

Prevalence survey on health status and health service in Xiuying District of Haikou in 2016.
ZHU Qing 1, ZHAOChan-juan 2, LIN Ling-en 1. Haikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 571100, Hainan, CHINA; 2.Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective By studying the main health problems and related risk factors of residents in XiuyingDistrict in Haikou, to provide scientific evidence for health promotion program. Methods A survey was conducted byHaikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiuying District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, andHainan Medical University from April to August in 2016 on 11 808 residents (selected from 3 400 families in 38 commit-tees (Villages) from 19 community health service institutions, by multistage stratified cluster random sampling) forhealth status and health service by questionnaire. The distribution of resources of 19 community health service institu-tions was investigated by the questionnaire on the situation of primary health service institutions. Results Resi-dents'prevalence of chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and otherchronic disease) were 7.3%, 1.6%, 0.6%, 1.0%, and 3.3%, respectively. In the past year, the top 5 hospitalized diseaseswere hypertension, pneumonia, cerebral infarction, diabetes, and bronchitis. The top 3 diseases causing death were malig-nant tumors (22.4%), cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (20.7%), and accidents (12.9%). The rate of smoking,alcohol consuming, overweight, and obesity were 23.0%, 19.6%, 28.8%, 4.1%, respectively. Male residents aged 40-59years had higher rate of smoking, alcohol consuming, overweight, and obesity than males of other age (P<0.01). The cov-erage of community health service institutions in Xiuying District was 100.0%, with 59.5% health technical personnelgraduated from technical secondary school or below, and 94.0% of the personnel with primary title or below. Residents’satisfaction to community health service was 62.5%. Conclusion The main health problems of the residents in XiuyingDistrict of Haikou include hypertension, diabetes, and other chronic diseases. Male residents aged 40-59 years old tendto live a high risk behavior life style, and they should be taken as the target groups of the chronic disease communitycomprehensive intervention. Community health service in Xiuying District shows high availability but lower level ofhealth workforce structure, which need to be paid more attention in future public health work.
      【Key words】 Health status; Community health service; Prevalence; Survey·调查研究·doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6350.2018.08.044基金项目：海南省自然科学基金项目(编号：814384)；海南省海口市重点科技项目(编号：2015-0128)；海南省教育厅高校科研项目(编号：Hnky2015-41)