标题：崇明地区糖尿病及糖调节受损的患病率调查

      作者：陆帅 1，2，冯波 1
    (1.上海同济大学附属东方医院内分泌科，上海 200120；
2.上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院崇明分院内分泌科，上海 202150)

      卷次： 2016年27卷15期

      【摘要】 目的 了解上海崇明地区糖尿病及糖调节受损的患病率。方法 采用随机整群抽样方法，于2015年
5~10月对崇明县城桥镇40~69岁3 248例常住居民进行横断面调查，内容涉及问卷调查、体格检查、75 g葡萄糖口
服耐量试验。结果 3 026例居民完成调查，占崇明地区人口的42.99/10 000 (3 026/703 722)，其中男性879例，女
性 2 147例，平均年龄(55.4±7.7)岁。受调查者中糖尿病、糖耐量减低(IGT)和空腹血糖受损(IFG)患病率分别为
20.59% (623/3 026)，16.79% (508/3 026)和5.09% (154/3 026) (标化率为18.41%，16.86%和4.07%)。55~59岁年龄组
患病率最高，其糖尿病、IFG及 IFG+IGT均高于其他年龄组，IFG略低于50~54岁年龄组及60~64岁年龄组。男性糖
尿病、IGT和 IFG患病率分别为 29.35% (258/879)、14.79% (130/879)和 7.51% (66/879)。女性糖尿病，IGT和 IFG患
病率分别为17.00% (365/2147)、17.61% (378/2 147)和4.01% (88/2 147)。标化后糖尿病、IGT和 IFG患病率在男女之
间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本次调查中新发现糖尿病患者331例，占全部糖尿病患者的53.13% (331/623)，在新发
现糖尿病患者中单纯以空腹血糖升高的患者43例，占12.99% (43/331)，单纯以餐后血糖升高的患者157例，占47.43%
(157/331)，新诊断糖尿病患者在55岁以后患病率明显升高。本次调查中高血压患病率为30.60% (926/3 026)，标化率
为27.69%，糖尿病、IGR及正常人各组均随年龄的增加患病率上升，以65~69岁年龄组患病率最高。本次调查中超
重占 39.89% (1 207/3 026)，肥胖占 15.33% (464/3 026)，糖尿病及 IGR均表现以超重为主，糖尿病超重占 46.23%
(288/623)；IGR超重占45.33% (383/845)。结论 崇明地区40~69岁人群中已有较高的代谢异常患病率，因此对有
高危因素者应进行定期筛查，并对伴有代谢异常者及早进行干预治疗，以防止糖尿病及代谢综合征的发生、发展。

      【关键词】 崇明地区；糖尿病；糖调节受损；患病率；调查

      【中图分类号】 R587.1 【文献标识码】 D 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2016）15—2558—04


Prevalence survey of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose regulation of Changming area population in
Shanghai.
LU Shuai 1, 2, FENG Bo 1. 1. Department of Endocrinology, Oriental Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai
200120, CHINA; 2. Department of Endocrinology, Chongming Branch of Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong School of
Medicine, Shanghai 202150, CHINA

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose regulation of Changming area
population in Shanghai. Methods From May to October in 2015, cross-sectional survey was carried out on 3 248 resi-
dents aged 40~69 in Chengqiao town of Chongming County according to random cluster sampling, which involved ques-
tionnaire survey, physical examination and 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Results A total of 3 026 residents completed
the survey, accounting for 42.99/10 000 (3 026/703 722) of Chongming area population, of whom 879 were male, 2 147
were female, with mean age for (55.4±7.7) years old. The prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose toler-
ance (IGT) and fasting blood glucose damage (IFG) were respectively 20.59% (623/3 026), 16.79% (508/3 026) and
5.09% (154/3 026) (standardized rate for 18.41%, 16.86% and 4.07%, respectively). The prevalence rate of diabetes mel-
litus, IFG and IFG+IGT in the 55~59 age group were higher than other age groups, while the prevalence rate of IFG was
slightly lower than the 50~54 age group and 60~64 age group. The prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus, IFG and IGT in
men with diabetes mellitus were 29.35% (258/879), 14.79% (130/879) and 7.51% (66/879) respectively; The prevalence
rate of diabetes mellitus, IFG and IGT were respectively 17.00% (365/2 147), 17.61% (378/2 147) and 4.01% (88/2 147).
There were statistically significant difference between female and male in the standardized prevalence rate of diabetes
mellitus, IGT and IFG (P<0.05). In this investigation, 331 patients were newly found with diabetes mellitus, which ac-
counted for 53.13% (331/623) of all diabetic patients. In the newly discovered patients with diabetes mellitus, 43 patients
only with elevated fasting glucose accounted for 12.99% (43/331), 157 patients only with postprandial hyperglycemia ac-
counted for 47.43% (157/331). In patients with newly diagnosed diabetes, the prevalence rate increased significantly af-
ter age 55. The prevalence rate of hypertension was 30.60% (926/3 026) (standard rate: 27.69%). The prevalence rate of
diabetes mellitus and IGR in the normal groups increased with age, with the highest rate at the 65~69 age group. Super
heavy patients accounted for 39.89% (1 207/3 026), obesity patients accounted for 15.33% (464/3 026), The