标题：正念减压疗法对乳腺癌患者知觉压力及负面情绪的影响

      作者：杜晓娅，曾琳，刘娟    (四川大学华西医院肿瘤一病房，四川 成都 610041)

      卷次： 2016年27卷22期

      【摘要】 目的 分析正念减压疗法对乳腺癌患者知觉压力及负面情绪的影响。方法 将2013年1月至2016年1月间在本院接受治疗的118例乳腺癌患者按照随机数表法分为观察组和对照组，每组59例，对照组接受临床乳腺癌常规护理干预，观察组加入正念减压疗法，均持续8周。比较两组患者干预后的知觉压力、应对方式及负面情绪等差异。结果 观察组患者接受正念减压疗法后，中文版知觉压力量表(CPSS)平均(20.17±3.04)分，低于对照组患者的(26.84±4.12)分，无健康危险性压力状况(HRS)比例为64.41% (38/59)，高于对照组的33.90% (20/59)，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；解决问题、求助及合理化等成熟应对方式评分值分别为(0.78±0.06)分、(0.65±0.06)分、(0.67±0.08)分，高于对照组患者的(0.37±0.04)分、(0.28±0.03)分、(0.32±0.04)分，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；自责、幻想、退避等不良应对方式评分值分别为(0.31±0.04)分、(0.34±0.05)分、(0.15±0.02)分，低于对照组患者的(0.72±0.08)分、(0.68±0.06)分、(0.71±0.07)分，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、偏执、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、惊恐、其他症状等负面情绪评分值分别为(1.53±0.22)分、(1.14±0.23)分、(1.27±0.21)分、(1.21±0.18)分、(1.51±0.21)分、(1.43±0.23)分、(1.30±0.18)分、(1.32±0.15)分、(1.15±0.18)分，低于对照组患者的(1.89±0.24)分、(1.78±0.26)分、(1.89±0.25)分、(1.39±0.24)分、(1.96±0.23)分、(1.98±0.27)分、(1.48±0.21)分、(1.51±0.19)分、(1.83±0.25)分，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 正念减压疗法可以有效缓解乳腺癌患者的知觉压力及负面情绪，在优化患者应对方式方面也具有积极作用。
      【关键词】 乳腺癌；正念减压疗法；知觉压力；负面情绪
      【中图分类号】 R473.73 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2016）22—3780—03

Influence of mindfulness-based stress reduction on breast cancer patients'perceived stress and negative emotions.DU Xiao-ya, ZENG Lin, LIU Juan.
The First Cancer Ward, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,Sichuan, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the influence of mindfulness-based stress reduction on perceived stress andnegative emotions in patients with breast cancer. Methods A total of 118 patients of breast cancer in our hospital be-tween January 2013 and January 2016 were chosen as study subjects and divided into observation group and controlgroup according to random number table, with 59 patients in each group. Control group received usual nursing interven-tion for breast cancer, and observation group received mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention, both lasted for 8weeks. The patients' perceived stress, coping styles and negative emotions were compared between the two groups.Results The average score of Chinese Perceived Stress Scales (CPSS) was (20.17 ± 3.04) in the observation group,which was significantly lower than that in the control group of (26.84±4.12), P<0.05. The without health risk stress (HRS)proportion was 64.41% (38/59), significantly higher than that in the control group of 33.90% (20/59), P<0.05. The scoresof solving problems, seeking help, rationalization were (0.78±0.06), (0.65±0.06), (0.67±0.08), which were significantlyhigher than those in the control group of (0.37±0.04), (0.28±0.03), (0.32±0.04), P<0.05. The scores of self-accusation, illu-sion, retreat were (0.31±0.04), (0.34±0.05), (0.15±0.02), which were significnatly lower than those in the control group of(0.72±0.08), (0.68±0.06), (0.71±0.070), P<0.05. The scores of somatization, obsession, interpersonal sensitivity, para-noia, depression, anxiety, hostility, panic, other symptoms were (1.53±0.22), (1.14±0.23), (1.27±0.21), (1.21±0.180),(1.51±0.21), (1.43±0.23), (1.30±0.18), (1.32±0.15), (1.15±0.18), which were significantly lower than those in the controlgroup of (1.89±0.24), (1.78±0.26), (1.89±0.25), (1.39±0.24), (1.96±0.23), (1.98±0.27), (1.48±0.21), (1.51±0.19), (1.83±0.25),P<0.05. Conclusion Mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention can effectively alleviate the perceived stress andnegative emotions in breast cancer patients, which also has a positive effect on optimizing patients' coping style.
      【Key words】 Breast cancer; Mindfulness-based stress reduction; Perceived stress; Negative emotion·护 理·doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6350.2016.22.060基金项目：四川大学青年基金(编号：SCU20153166)