标题：儿童肘关节不典型损伤的X线诊断

      作者：余任辉，陈惠林
    (汕头市中医医院医学影像科，广东 汕头 515000)

      卷次： 2015年26卷19期

      【摘要】 目的 探讨儿童肘关节不典型损伤的X线表现，旨在提高其诊断率。方法 回顾性分析132例儿
童肘关节外伤的X线平片，结合复习文献，分析儿童肘关节不典型损伤X线特点。结果 本组132例，其中肱骨
远端髁上轻微青枝骨折18例，尺骨鹰嘴青枝骨折16例，肱骨小头骨骺损伤27例，滑车骨骺损伤5例，内上髁骨骺
损伤5例，外上髁骨骺损伤6例，尺骨鹰嘴骨骺损伤7例，仅有软组织肿胀未见明确骨骼异常28例，单纯桡骨小头
半脱位20例，均有软组织肿胀、关节前后脂肪垫阳性征。结论 认识儿童肘关节损伤间接征象，充分认识儿童肘
关节结构特点，对提高儿童肘关节外伤X线诊断具有重要临床意义。

      【关键词】 儿童；肘关节；骨骺；损伤

      【中图分类号】 R726.8 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2015）19—2868—03


X-ray diagnosis of atypical injuries of elbow joint in children.
YU Ren-hui, CHEN Hui-lin. Department of Medical
Imaging, Shantou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shantou 515000, Guangdong, CHINA

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the X-ray manifestations of the atypical injuries of elbow joint in chil-
dren, and to improve the diagnostic rate. Methods The X-ray plain films of 132 children with elbow joint trauma were
retrospectively analyzed, and the X-ray features of the atypical injuries of elbow joint were discussed. Results Among
the 132 cases, there were 18 cases of the distal humeral condyle slight greenstick fracture, 16 cases of olecranon green-
stick fracture, 27 cases of capitulum humeral epiphysis injury, 5 cases of trochlear epiphysis injury, 5 cases of condyle
epiphysis injury, 6 cases of external condyle epiphysis injury, 7 cases of olecranon epiphysis injury, 28 cases of soft tis-
sue swelling without clear skeletal abnormalities, 20 cases of simple radial head subluxation. All the patients showed
soft tissue swelling, joint before and after fat pad positive sign. Conclusion The indirect signs of elbow joint injury
and the structural features of children elbow are of important clinical significance for improving X-ray diagnosis of el-
bow trauma in children.

      【Key words】 Children; Elbow joint; Joint epiphysis; Injury
·论 著·doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6350.2015.19.1043