标题：2005-2013年海口市秀英区流行性乙型脑炎流行病学分析

      作者：王吉晓 1，梁业权 2，杨春霞 2，吴燕云 2，张笑冰 2
    (1.海南省疾病预防控制中心，海南 海口 570203；
2.海口市秀英区疾病预防控制中心，海南 海口 570311)

      卷次： 2015年26卷11期

      【摘要】 目的 分析2005-2013年海口市秀英区疾病预防控制中心(以下简称秀英区疾控中心)监测到的流
行性乙型脑炎流行情况，研究其变化趋势，为科学制定防控措施提供依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法，对
监测到的流行性乙型脑炎疫情数据进行分析。结果 秀英区疾控中心9年间共监测到78例流行性乙型脑炎患
者，均经实验室确诊；年龄主要集中于学龄前儿童和小学生，14岁以下儿童占 98.7%，其中散居儿童占 51.30%、
小学生占 33.30%、幼托儿童占 14.10%；男女发病比例为 1.52:1；无免疫史和免疫史不详的病例分别占 14.1%、
38.5%；所监测到的病例分布在全省的15个市县，覆盖率为68.18%，呈高度散发；发病高峰在4~6月份、10月份。
结论 秀英区疾控中心9年来所监测到的乙型脑炎以散发为主并有明显的季节性，乙脑疫苗接种率低，应提高疫
苗接种的覆盖率，同时加强环境卫生的管理，以构筑有效免疫屏障。

      【关键词】 流行性乙型脑炎；流行特征；临床表现

      【中图分类号】 R512.32 【文献标识码】 C 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2015）11—1691—02


Epidemic characteristics of epidemic encephalitis B in Xiuying District of Haikou City from 2005 to 2013.
WANG Ji-xiao 1, LIANG Ye-quan 2, YANG Chun-xia 2, WU Yan-yun 2, ZHANG Xiao-bing 2.
1. Hainan Provincial Center
for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, Hainan, CHINA; 2. Haikou Xiuying District Center for Disease
Control and Prevention, Haikou 570311, Hainan, CHINA

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the prevalence of epidemic encephalitis B monitored in Haikou Xiuying
District Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Xiuying CDC) from 2005 to 2013, and to study its variation to pro-
vide scientific evidence for disease prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was applied
to analyze the data of epidemic encephalitis B monitored. Results A total of 78 laboratory confirmed cases of epidemic
encephalitis B were monitored in Xiuying CDC from 2005 to 2013, most of which were preschool children and pupils,
with children under 14 years of age accounting for 98.7% (scattered children for 51.30%, pupils for 33.30%, preschool
children for 14.10%). The ratio of male to female was 1.52:1. The cases with no or unknown history of immunity ac-
counted for 14.1%, 38.5%, respectively. The cases monitored distributed in 15 cities and counties across the province,
with the coverage rate of 68.18%, which was highly sporadic. The morbidity season concentrated in April, May, June,
and October. Conclusion The prevalence of epidemic encephalitis B monitored in Xiuying CDC from 2005 to 2013 is
sporadic with distinct seasonal peak, and the vaccination rate of epidemic encephalitis B is low. We should improve the
vaccination coverage rate and strengthen environmental health management, to build effective immune barrier.