标题：4390 例住院患者医院感染调查分析

      作者：何海燕1，刘秋桂2
    （西安市第八医院感染科1、医教科2，陕西西安710061）

      卷次： 2012年23卷5期

      【摘要】目的了解住院患者医院感染发生情况和影响因素。方法采用回顾性调查方法，对2010 年
4 390 例患者进行调查、统计。结果共发生医院感染165 例次，例次发生率为3.76%，医院感染部位分布以上呼
吸道、胃肠道、下呼吸道占前三位，分别占43.64%、25.45%、13.33%。4 390 例出院患者抗生素使用率为48.91%，
病原菌送检率为92.73%。检出病原菌以革兰氏阴性菌最高，占46.97%。结论加强医院感染知识培训，采取科
学的消毒措施、合理使用抗菌药物、做好病原菌检查是降低医院感染发生的有力措施。

      【关键词】医院感染；回顾调查；传染病

      【中图分类号】R63 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1003—6350（2012）05—135—02
r>Retrospective investigation on nosocomial infection of 4 390 inpatients.
HE Hai-yan 1, LIU Qiu-gui 2. Department
of Infectious Diseases 1, Medical Section 2, the Eighth Hospital of Xi'an City, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, CHINA
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the features of nosocomial infection (NI) of inpatients and its influence
factors. Methods 4 390 inpatients enrolled in the hospital in 2010 were investigated retrospectively and statistically
analyzed. Results 165 patients (3.76%) were found with nosocomial infection, located mainly on upper respiratory
tract (43.64%), gastrointestinal tract (25.45%) and lower respiratory tract (13.33%). 49.52% of the 4 390 patients discharged
were treated by antibiotics with a submission rate of 92.73% for pathogen examination. The most pathogens
detected were Gram-negative ones, accounting for 46.97%. Conclusion Effective ways for reducing nosocomial infection
include strengthening the training of the knowledge on nosocomial infection, taking scientific disinfection measures,
using antibacterial drugs reasonably and examining pathogens carefully.
【Key words】Nosocomial infection; Retrospective study; Infectious disease