标题：0~6岁儿童骨密度相关影响因素分析

      作者：孙惟，黄亿红，马颖，徐素香，周春琴，杨国强
    (昆山市妇幼保健所儿保科，江苏 昆山 215301)

      卷次： 2016年27卷4期

      【摘要】 目的 了解儿童骨密度状况，探讨影响儿童骨密度的相关因素。方法 2014年6~12月期间采用定
量超声法测定358例儿童左胫骨中段骨密度，设计调查问卷，查询相关系统保健档案，调查影响因素。结果 骨密
度减低检出率女童[20.48% (34/166)]高于男童[18.23% (35/192)]，不同性别儿童骨密度减低率比较差异有显著统计
学意义(P<0.01)；骨密度减低检出率以0~1岁37.97% (30/79)较高，不同年龄儿童骨密度减低检出率比较差异有显著
统计学意义(P<0.01)；发育迟缓[27.58% (8/29)]、发育过快[26.67% (4/15)]儿童骨密度减低检出率高于正常儿童
[18.15% (34/314)]，不同身高组儿童骨密度减低检出率比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)；营养不良、肥胖以及正常
组体重儿童骨密度减低检出率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)；静多动少儿童骨密度减低检出率为 25.00%(26/
114)，动多静少儿童检出率为10.71% (9/84)，不同活动水平儿童骨密度减低检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；户
外活动多(≥2 h/d)儿童骨密度减低检出率为10.54% (27/256)，户外运动少(<2 h/d)儿童检出率为40.38% (42/102)，不同
户外活动儿童检出率比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)；孕周小于37周早产儿、出生体重偏低儿童骨密度减低检出
率高，早产儿与足月儿骨密度减低检出率比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)，出生体重偏低、偏高与正常儿童骨密
度减低检出率比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)；不同胎次、产次以及产式儿童骨密度减低检出率比较差异无统计
学意义(P>0.05)。结论 儿童骨密度受性别、年龄、身高、活动水平、户外活动、孕周以及出生体重等影响。

      【关键词】 儿童；骨密度；左胫骨；影响因素

      【中图分类号】 R195 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2016）04—0588—03


Analysis on the influencing factors of bone mineral density of healthy children aged 0~6 year.
SUN Wei, HUANG
Yi-hong, MA Ying, XU Su-xiang, ZHOU Chun-qin, YANG Guo-qiang. Maternal and Child Health Bureau of Kunshan,
Kunshan 215301, Jiangsu, CHINA

【Abstract】 Objective To examine the status of the bone mineral density (BMD) of children and explore the re-
lated factors that influence BMD. Methods From June 2014 to December 2014, the left tibia BMD of 358 children was
measured by quantitative ultrasound. The questionnaire was designed, and the system of health archives was queried to
explore the influence factors of BMD. Results The incidence of reduced BMD in girls [20.48% (34/166)] was signifi-
cantly higher than in that in boys [18.23% (35/192)], P<0.01. The incidence of reduced BMD in children aged 0~1 year
37.97% (30/79) was the highest, showing statistically significant difference between different age groups (P<0.01). The
incidence of reduced BMD in children of growth retardation [27.58% (8/29)] and those of fast growth [26.67% (4/15)]
was significantly higher than that in normal children [18.15% (34/314)], with statistically significant difference between
·论 著·
6350.2016.04.024