标题：维持性血液透析患者希望水平与生存质量的现况及其相互关系调查

      作者：毛莉莎，熊玉婉，周丽娟    毛莉莎，熊玉婉，周丽娟中山市人民医院肾内二科，广东 中山 528401

      卷次： 2024年35卷12期

      【摘要】 目的 调查分析维持性血液透析患者希望水平与生存质量的现况及其相互关系。方法 应用便利抽样法选取2021年12月至2023年12月中山市人民医院收治的220例维持性血液透析患者进行研究，采用本院自制的一般情况调查表、简明健康状况调查表以及Herth希望量表进行问卷调查，采用单因素χ2检验、多因素 Logistic回归分析法分析患者希望水平与生存质量的相关影响因素，并采用Pearson相关分析法分析两者之间的相关性。结果 Herth希望量表评分为(25.68±7.50)分，简明健康状况调查表中的生理职能评分为(63.14±5.11)分、情感职能评分为(65.16±4.98)分、生理功能评分为(60.19±5.11)分、社会功能评分为(64.42±5.31)分、精力评分为(63.37±4.75)分、躯体疼痛评分为(62.37±4.62)分、精神健康评分为(62.15±4.71)分、总体健康评分为(61.63±4.58)分。影响维持性血液透析患者希望水平与生存质量的单因素中，家庭月收入>10 000元、受教育水平为大学、透析时间为 3~24个月患者的希望水平和生存质量均明显更高，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归模型筛查，结果显示，家庭月收入、受教育水平、透析时间是影响维持性血液透析患者希望水平与生存质量的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关分析结果显示，维持性血液透析患者希望相关维度、总体水平与生存质量各维度均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 维持性血液透析患者希望水平较低、生存质量较差，家庭收入、受教育程度、透析时间均是影响患者希望水平与生存质量的独立危险因素，且患者希望相关维度、总体水平与生存质量各维度呈正相关，因此临床可对希望水平进行充分评估并给予个体化、针对性护理措施，以提高生存质量。
      【关键词】 维持性血液透析；生存质量；希望水平；现状；影响因素；相关性
      【中图分类号】R459.5 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2024）12—1776—05

Investigation and analysis on the current status of hope level and quality of life and their relationship in patientsundergoing maintenance hemodialysis.
MAO Li-sha, XIONG Yu-wan, ZHOU Li-juan. Department of Nephrology,Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan 528401, Guangdong, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate and analyze the current status of hope level and quality of life and their re-lationship in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Methods The convenience sampling method was used toselect 220 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis admitted to Zhongshan People's Hospital from December 2021to December 2023 for the study. Self-made general condition questionnaire of our hospital, concise health status ques-tionnaire, and Herth hope scale were used for the survey. Single factor χ2 tests and multivariate logistic regression analy-sis were applied to analyze the related influencing factors of hope level and quality of life of patients, while Pearson cor-relation analysis method was applied to analyze the correlation between the hope level and quality of life. Results TheHerth hope scale was (25.68±7.50) points. The physiological function score, emotional function score, physiologicalfunction score, social function score, energy score, physical pain score, mental health score, and overall health score of con-cise health status questionnaire were (63.14±5.11) points, (65.16±4.98) points, (60.19±5.11) points, (64.42±5.31) points,(63.37±4.75) points, (62.37±4.62) points, (62.15±4.71) points, and (61.63±4.58) points, respectively. Among the singlefactors that affect the hope level and quality of life of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, patients with amonthly family income>10 000 yuan, education level of university, and dialysis time of 3-24 months have significantlyhigher hope level and quality of life, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Screening with a logistic regres-sion model showed that monthly household income, education level, and dialysis time were independent risk factors af-fecting the hope level and quality of life of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (P<0.05). Pearson correlationanalysis showed that patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis had a positive correlation with the relevant dimen-sions, overall level, and quality of life (P<0.05). Conclusion Patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis have low-er levels of hope and poorer quality of life. Family income, educational level, and dialysis time are independent risk fac-tors that affect their hope level and quality of life, and the hope-relevant dimensions of patients have a positive correla-tion with overall level and quality of life. Therefore, clinical evaluation of hope level can be fully conducted and person-alized and targeted nursing measures can be provided to improve the quality of life.
      【Key words】 Maintenance hemodialysis; Quality of life; Hope level; Current status; Influencing factors; Relationship