标题：基于微信支持的喂养指导对早产、低出生体质量儿出院后生长发育等各项指标的干预效果

      作者：郭凤翔，黄洁兴，崔伟伦，霍景颜    广州市番禺区中心医院儿科，广东 广州 511400

      卷次： 2024年35卷12期

      【摘要】 目的 探讨基于微信支持的喂养指导对早产、低出生体质量儿出院后生长发育等各项指标的干预效果。方法 选取2022年2月至2023年1月广州市番禺区中心医院新生儿科收治的92例早产、低出生体质量儿作为研究对象，采用随机数表法分为对照组和观察组各46例。对照组新生儿在常规喂养指导下喂养，观察组新生儿在基于微信支持的喂养指导下喂养。两组均校正胎龄至40周，比较两组校正6个月龄、12个月龄的体格发育指标，再入院率，盖塞尔(Gesell)智能发育量表评分，血红蛋白(Hb)，血钙(Ca)，产时与校正6、12个月龄母亲喂养相关知识的掌握情况。结果 校正6、12个月龄，观察组新生儿的体质量、身长、头围分别为(7.84±0.21) kg、(65.87±1.26) cm、(42.37±0.74) cm与(9.80±0.37) kg、(73.68±3.54) cm、(45.82±1.50) cm，均明显重于或长于对照组的(6.78±0.32) kg、(62.45±2.42) cm、(39.71±0.67) cm与(8.59±0.53) kg、(70.59±3.75) cm、(44.05±1.42) cm，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；校正6、12个月龄，观察组新生儿再入院率分别为6.52%、15.22%，明显低于对照组的21.74%、34.78%，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；校正6、12个月龄，观察组新生儿的粗大运动、精细运动、适应、语言、个人-社会性行为评分分别为(90.35±9.25)分、(89.79±8.42)分、(87.28±7.15)分、(91.83±9.05)分、(92.15±8.56)分与(90.32±9.30)分、(89.65±8.59)分、(88.39±7.40)分、(92.41±9.22)分、(93.20±7.71)分，均明显高于对照组的(77.94±8.01)分、(78.26±8.25)分、(73.46±6.21)分、(80.37±8.47)分、(81.33±8.02)分与(78.87±7.35)分、(78.43±8.31)分、(75.76±6.32)分、(82.87±8.64)分、(82.32±8.51)分，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；校正6、12个月龄，两组新生儿的Hb、Ca水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)；校正6、12个月龄，观察组新生儿的母亲早产儿喂养相关知识的掌握得分为(81.46±4.58)分、(96.34±3.19)分，明显高于对照组的(73.26±6.35)分、(82.38±5.16)分，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 基于微信支持的喂养指导有利于早产、低出生体质量儿生长发育，可降低再入院率及促进智能发育，同时还可提高其母亲喂养知识掌握度，值得推广应用。
      【关键词】 早产儿；低出生体质量儿；微信；喂养指导；干预效果
      【中图分类号】 R722 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2024）12—1718—05

Intervention effect of feeding guidance based on Wechat on growth and development indicators of premature andlow birth weight infants after discharge.
GUO Feng-xiang, HUANG Jie-xing, CUI Wei-lun, HUO Jing-yan.Department of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Panyu District Central Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effect of feeding guidance based on Wechat on growth and developmentindicators of premature and low birth weight infants after discharge. Methods A total of 92 premature and low birthweight infants admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Panyu District Central Hospital from February2022 to January 2023 were selected as the study objects, which were divided into a control group and an observationgroup by random number table method, with 46 cases in each group. The newborns in the control group were fed underthe guidance of routine feeding, and the newborns in the observation group were fed under feeding guidance based onWechat support. The physical development indicators, readmission rate, Gesell intelligent development scale score, he-moglobin (Hb), blood calcium (Ca), and feeding knowledge of 6 and 12 months of age at birth were compared betweenthe two groups. Results After adjusting for 6 and 12 months, the body weight, body length, and head circumference ofthe observation group were (7.84±0.21) kg, (65.87±1.26) cm, (42.37±0.74) cm and (9.80±0.37) kg, (73.68±3.54) cm,(45.82±1.50) cm, which were significantly heavier/longer than (6.78±0.32) kg, (62.45±2.42) cm, (39.71±0.67) cm and(8.59±0.53) kg, (70.59±3.75) cm, (44.05±1.42) cm in the control group (P<0.05); the readmission rates in the observa-tion group were 6.52% and 15.22%, which were significantly lower than 21.74% and 34.78% in the control group (P<0.05); the scores of gross motor, fine motor, adaptation, language, individual-social behavior in the observation groupwere (90.35±9.25) points, (89.79±8.42) points, (87.28±7.15) points, (91.83±9.05) points, (92.15±8.56) points and (90.32±9.30) points, (89.65±8.59) points, (88.39±7.40) points, (92.41±9.22) points, (93.20±7.71) points, which were significant-ly higher than (77.94±8.01) points, (78.26±8.25) points, (73.46±6.21) points, (80.37±8.47) points, (81.33±8.02) pointsand (78.87±7.35) points, (78.43±8.31) points, (75.76±6.32) points, (82.87±8.64) points, (82.32±8.51) points in the con-trol group (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in Hb and Ca levels between the two groups (P>0.05). The score of mothers' mastery of knowledge related to feeding in the observation group were (81.46±4.58) pointsand (96.34±3.19) points, which were significantly higher than (73.26±6.35) points and (82.38±5.16) points in the controlgroup (P<0.05). Conclusion Feeding guidance based on Wechat is beneficial to the growth and development of prema-ture and low birth weight infants, which can reduce the readmission rate and promote intelligent development, improvemothers’mastery of knowledge related to feeding, and is worthy of application and promotion.
      【Key words】 Premature infants; Low birth weight infant; Wechat; Feeding guidance; Intervention effect