标题：三亚市先天性心脏病患儿相关影响因素研究

      作者：古力帕丽·麦曼提依明 1，陈洁 1，陆兆辉 1，2，袁加俊 1，2，温在奖 1，高莹 1，王洁 1，韦辉 1    古力帕丽·麦曼提依明 1，陈洁 1，陆兆辉 1，2，袁加俊 1，2，温在奖 1，高莹 1，王洁 1，韦辉 11.上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心海南医院，海南 三亚 572000；2.上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心，上海 200127

      卷次： 2024年35卷4期

      【摘要】 目的 分析先天性心脏病发生的相关影响因素，为三亚市先天性心脏病的预防和进一步研究提供科学依据。方法 通过《围产环境-行为健康调查问卷》收集三亚市本地200例先天性心脏病儿童及200例健康组儿童家庭相关资料，采用单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析三亚市先天性心脏病的相关影响因素。结果 早产(OR=2.783，95%CI：1.088~7.117)、父亲年龄的增长(OR=1.095，95%CI：1.035~1.157)、母亲过敏性疾病家族史(OR=3.624，95%CI：1.447~9.074)、孕期接触宠物 (OR=2.789，95%CI：1.363~5.708)、频繁食用腌制类食品 (OR=15.085，95%CI：4.135~55.033)是增加三亚市先天性心脏病发病率的危险因素。家庭收入较高 (OR=0.270，95%CI：0.093~0.784)、饮用牛奶或酸奶类食品(OR=0.123，95%CI：0.042~0.357)、孕早期服用叶酸(OR=0.263，95%CI：0.109~0.632)及维生素C (OR=0.247，95%CI：0.118~0.518)是降低三亚市先天性心脏病发病率的保护因素。结论 加强围产保健，降低早产发生率，母亲孕期减少接触宠物，控制腌制类食品摄入量，关注家族过敏性疾病史，选择最佳的生育年龄，孕期增加乳制品摄入量，孕早期服用叶酸及维生素C，提高家庭经济收入可以降低三亚市先天性心脏病发病率和死亡率。
      【关键词】 三亚；先天性心脏病；发病率；影响因素
      【中图分类号】 R725.4 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2024）04—0462—06

Influencing factors of congenital heart disease in Sanya city.
Gulipali·Maimantiyiming 1, CHEN Jie 1, LU Zhao-hui 1,2,YUAN Jia-jun 1，2, WEN Zai-jiang 1, GAO Ying 1, WANG Jie 1, WEI Hui 1. 1. Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's MedicalCenter Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Sanya 572000, Hainan, CHINA; 2. ShanghaiChildren's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To study the influencing factors affecting congenital heart disease (CHD) in Sanya, andto provide scientific basis for its prevention and further study. Methods The influencing factors of CHD in Sanya wereanalyzed using single-factor and multiple-factor logistic regression analysis based on the clinical data collected from thePerinatal Environment-Behavioral Health Questionnaire of 200 children with CHD and 200 healthy children in Sanya.Results Premature birth (OR=2.783, 95%CI: 1.088-7.117), advanced paternal age (OR=1.095, 95%CI: 1.035-1.157),family history of maternal allergic disease (OR=3.624, 95%CI: 1.447-9.074), maternal exposure to pets during pregnancy(OR=2.789, 95%CI: 1.363-5.708), and frequent consumption of preserved food (OR=15.085, 95%CI: 4.135-55.033) werethe risk factors for congenital heart disease in Sanya (P<0.05). High family income (OR=0.270, 95%CI: 0.093-0.784),consumption of milk or yogurt (OR=0.123, 95%CI: 0.042-0.357), folic acid (OR=0.263, 95%CI: 0.109-0.632), and vita-min C (OR=0.247, 95% CI: 0.118-0.518) in early pregnancy were the protective factors. Conclusion The incidence andmortality of congenital heart disease in Sanya can be reduced by strengthening perinatal health care, reducing pretermbirth, minimizing exposure to pets during pregnancy, cutting down on preserved foods, paying attention to family historyof allergic disease, choosing the best age to have children, and increasing dairy intake during pregnancy, taking folic acidand vitamin C in early pregnancy, improving the family economic income.
      【Key words】 Sanya; Congenital heart disease; Incidence; Influencing factors