标题：广西三市婚检、孕检中育龄妇女HIV阳性检出率及其分布研究

      作者：李忠友 1，2，梁秋瑜 3，秦文霞 1，马金凤 1，董柏青 1，2，张杰 4    1.广西中医药大学公共卫生与管理学院，广西 南宁 530200；2.广西高发传染病中西医结合转化医学重点实验室，广西 南宁 530200；3.广西壮族自治区人民医院，广西 南宁 530022；4.广西壮族自治区卫生健康统计信息中心，广西 南宁 530028

      卷次： 2023年34卷22期

      【摘要】 目的 分析广西三个重点城市婚检、孕检的育龄妇女中艾滋病病毒(HIV)阳性检出率及其分布特征，为广西艾滋病防治提供参考。方法 从广西《桂妇儿信息管理系统》中筛选N市、L市和G市共30个城区/县的婚检和孕检群体中年龄为15~49岁的女性，用Excel 2016建立数据库，用SPSS 25.0统计软件分析HIV的流行病学特征。结果 2016—2020年广西L市、G市和N市三市婚检育龄妇女共302 678人，HIV阳性检出率为0.49‰，其中，L市最高(1.42‰)，G市(0.26‰)和N市(0.22‰)次之，差异具有统计学意义(χ2=142.68，P<0.001)；2016—2020年三市婚检育龄妇女总体的HIV阳性检出率分别为 0.40‰、0.51‰、0.45‰、0.53‰和 0.51‰，差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.24，P>0.05)。2016—2020年三市孕检妇女 941 138人，孕检HIV阳性检出率为 0.72‰，以 L市最高(1.52‰)，其次为N市(0.57‰)和G市(0.43‰)，差异有统计学意义(χ2=225.23，P<0.001)；2016—2020年三市孕检育龄妇女总体的HIV阳性检出率分别为0.57‰、0.61‰、0.72‰、0.90‰和0.87‰，呈上升趋势(χ2线性=20.28，P<0.001)，其中L市先上升后下降(χ2线性=3.90，P=0.048)，G市和N市均呈逐年上升趋势(G市χ2线性=10.83，P=0.001，N市χ2线性=7.12，P=0.008)。婚检/孕检HIV阳性妇女均以25~40岁年龄组为主，职业以农林牧渔和商业服务人员为主，民族分布以汉族和壮族居民为主。结论 广西婚检/孕检HIV阳性检出率相对较低，但孕检HIV阳性检出率呈上升趋势，应继续加强尤其是农村地区和少数民族地区婚检/孕检HIV监测及健康宣教。
      【关键词】 广西；育龄妇女；艾滋病；婚检；孕检
      【中图分类号】 R512.91 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2023）22—3288—05

Prevalence and distribution of HIV in childbearing-age women in 3 cities in Guangxi: based on premaritalmedical examination and pregnancy test.
LI Zhong-you 1,2, LIANG Qiu-yu 3, QING Wen-xia 1, MA Jin-feng 1, DONGBai-qing 1,2, ZHANG Jie 4. 1. School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning530200, Guangxi, CHINA; 2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence InfectiousDiseases with Integrative Medicine, Nanning 530200, Guangxi, CHINA; 3. The People's Hospital of Guangxi ZhuangAutonomous Region, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, CHINA; 4. Health Statistics Information Center of Guangxi ZhuangAutonomous Region, Nanning 530028, Guangxi, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To study the prevalence and distribution of HIV among women of childbearing age inthree key cities of Guangxi, and to provide a reference for HIV prevention and treatment in Guangxi. Methods Womenaged 15-49 in 30 premarital and pregnancy examination groups in N, L, and G cities were selected from the GuangxiWomen and Children Information System. Excel 2016 was used to build the database. The epidemiological characteris-tics of HIV in the population were analyzed with SPSS25.0. Results A total of 302 678 women were included in thethree cities, and the total prevalence of HIV was 0.49‰. The prevalence of HIV was the highest in L city (1.42‰), fol-lowed by G city (0.26‰), and then N city (0.22‰), with statistically significant differences (χ2=142.68, P<0.001). Theprevalence of HIV in women of childbearing age undergoing premarital examination in the three cities in 2016—2020were 0.40‰, 0.51‰, 0.45‰, 0.53‰, and 0.51‰, respectively, and there was no significant difference between years (χ2=1.24, P=0.872). A total of 941 138 women for pregnancy test in the three cities were included, and the prevalence of HIVwas 0.72‰ . The prevalence of HIV was the highest in L city (1.52‰ ), followed by N city (0.57‰ ), and then G city(0.43‰), with statistically significant differences (χ2=225.23, P<0.001). The total prevalence of HIV in women of child-bearing age undergoing premarital medical examination and pregnancy test in the three cities was 0.57‰ , 0.61‰ ,0.72‰, 0.90‰, and 0.87‰ from 2016 to 2020, respectively, showing an increasing trend (χ2=20.28, P<0.001). The prev-alence in L city increased first and then decreased (χ2=3.90, P=0.048), while that in G city and N city showed an increas-ing trend year by year (χ2G=10.83, P=0.001; χ2N=7.12, P=0.008). The majority of HIV-positive women in premarital/preg-nancy tests were mainly 25 to 40 years old, farmer and commercial service workers, ethnic Han and Zhuang residents.Conclusion The prevalence of HIV in premarital/pregnancy tests in women are relatively low in Guangxi, but the prev-alence of HIV shows an increasing trend in pregnancy tests. HIV surveillance and health education for premarital/preg-nancy tests should continue to be strengthened, especially in rural areas and ethnic minority areas.
      【Key words】 Guangxi; Childbearing-age women; HIV; Premarital medical examination; Pregnancy test