标题：基于Caprini风险评估的护理措施对下肢骨折患者DVT的预防效果研究

      作者：文京宁，余双欠，张云飞，文丽宁，杨雪婷，李晓英    文京宁，余双欠，张云飞，文丽宁，杨雪婷，李晓英空军军医大学第二附属医院骨科，陕西 西安 710038

      卷次： 2023年34卷20期

      【摘要】 目的 探讨基于Caprini风险评估的护理措施对下肢骨折患者深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的预防效果。方法 选择2019年2月至2022年2月空军军医大学第二附属医院骨外科收治的150例下肢骨折患者进行研究，按随机数表法分为观察组和对照组各75例，对照组患者采用常规护理，观察组患者采用基于Caprini风险评估的护理措施，两组患者均护理至出院。比较两组患者的DVT发生率、血栓最大宽度，护理前及患者出院时(护理后)的髋关节评分量表(Harris)和膝关节评分量表(HSS)评分，并比较两组患者的髋关节、膝关节优良率及患者对护理工作的满意度。结果 观察组患者的DVT发生率为4.00%，明显低于对照组的13.33%，血栓最大宽度为(5.50±1.33) mm，明显小于对照组的(6.73±1.45) mm，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；观察组患者护理后的Harris评分、HSS评分、关节功能优良率、对护理工作的满意度分别为(85.37±4.13)分、(87.79±2.24)分、89.33%、97.33%，明显高于对照组的(80.12±3.94)分、(82.18±3.09)分、73.33%、88.00%，差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 下肢骨折患者采用基于Caprini风险评估的护理，可以降低患者的DVT发生率，并有助于髋关节、膝关节功能的恢复，提高关节功能优良率及护理工作的满意度。
      【关键词】 下肢骨折；深静脉血栓形成；Caprini风险评估；护理；满意度
      【中图分类号】 R683.42 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2023）20—3016—04

Preventive effect of nursing measures based on Caprini risk assessment on deep vein thrombosis in patients withlower limb fractures.
WEN Jing-ning, YU Shuang-qian, ZHANG Yun-fei, WEN Li-ning, YANG Xue-ting, LI Xiao-ying.Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University of PLA, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi,CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To explore the preventive effect of nursing measures based on Caprini risk assessmenton deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with lower limb fractures. Methods A study was conducted on 150 patientswith lower limb fractures admitted to Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force MedicalUniversity of PLA from February 2019 to February 2022. The patients were randomly divided into an observation groupand a control group by random number table method, each with 75 patients. The control group received routine care,while the observation group received care measures based on Caprini risk assessment. Both groups of patients receivedcare until discharge. The incidence of DVT, maximum thrombus width, and hip joint score (Harris) and knee joint score(HSS) scores before care and at the time of discharge (after care), the excellent rates of hip and knee joints, and patients'satisfaction with nursing were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of DVT in the observationgroup was 4.00%, which was significantly lower than 13.33% in the control group; the maximum width of thrombus was(5.50±1.33) mm, which was significantly lower than (6.73±1.45) mm in the control group; the difference were statistical-ly significant (P<0.05). The Harris score, HSS score, excellent joint function rate, and satisfaction with nursing inthe observation group after nursing were (85.37±4.13) points, (87.79±2.24) points, 89.33%, and 97.33%, whichwere significantly higher than (80.12±3.94) points, (82.18±3.09) points, 73.33%, and 88.00% in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Nursing for patients with lower limb fractures based on Caprini risk assessment can reducethe incidence of DVT in patients, help restore hip and knee joint function, improve joint function excellence rate, andimprove nursing satisfaction.
      【Key words】 Lower limb fractures; Deep vein thrombosis; Caprini risk assessment; Nursing; Satisfaction