标题：东莞地区女性健康体检者HPV感染率、亚型分布特点及TCT筛查结果分析

      作者：沈诚 1，罗秀霞 2    1.东莞市横沥医院检验科，广东 东莞 523460；2.东莞市人民医院检验科，广东 东莞 523000

      卷次： 2023年34卷20期

      【摘要】 目的 了解东莞地区女性健康体检者人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染率、亚型分布特点及液基薄层细胞学检查(TCT)筛查结果。方法 回顾性收集2021年1月至2022年6月于东莞市横沥医院进行HPV分型检测及TCT筛查的300例女性健康体检者的临床资料。统计分析所有女性健康体检者的HPV感染率、亚型分布特点、年龄分布特点及TCT筛查结果。结果 300例女性健康体检者的HPV感染率为17.00%，其中单一感染的阳性占比、感染率分别为 80.39%、13.67%，明显高于双重感染的17.65%、3.00%和多重感染的1.96%、0.33%，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；51例阳性标本中共检测出 15种高危型和 5种低危型，其中高危型HPV感染率最高的亚型为HPV-52(5.00%，15/300)，低危型HPV感染率较高的亚型为HPV-81 (2.00%，6/300)；>55岁年龄组体检者的HPV感染率明显高于其他年龄组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；<25岁、25~35岁、36~45岁、46~55岁组患者的HPV感染率比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；HPV联合TCT筛查对宫颈病变的阳性检出率为18.33%，明显高于TCT单独筛查的3.33%，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，而联合筛查与HPV单独筛查的阳性检出率比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 东莞地区女性HPV感染率较高，多为单一感染，感染率较高的感染类型为HPV-52、HPV-81，高发人群为36~45岁和>55岁；HPV联合TCT筛查可有效提高宫颈病变的阳性检出率，更利于患者早期诊断和治疗。
      【关键词】 东莞地区；健康女性；人乳头瘤病毒；基因亚型；液基薄层细胞学检查；宫颈病变
      【中图分类号】 R194.3 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2023）20—2981—05

Analysis of HPV infection rate, distribution characteristics of HPV subtypes, and thinprep cytology test screeningresults in females undergoing health checkup in Dongguan area.
SHEN Cheng 1, LUO Xiu-xia 2. 1.Department ofLaboratory, Dongguan Hengli Hospital, Dongguan 523460, Guangdong, CHINA; 2.Department of Laboratory, DongguanPeople's Hospital, Dongguan 523000, Guangdong, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the infection rate, distribution characteristics of human papillomavirus(HPV) subtypes, and thinprep cytology test (TCT) screening results among females undergoing health checkup in Dong-guan area. Methods The clinical data of 300 females undergoing health checkup, including HPV typing test and TCTscreening, in Dongguan Hengli Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 were retrospectively collected. The HPV infec-tion rate, subtype distribution characteristics, age distribution characteristics, and TCT screening results of the subjectswere analyzed statistically. Results The HPV infection rate of 300 healthy female subjects was 17.00%, and the positiveproportion and infection rate of single infection were 80.39% and 13.67%, respectively, which were significantly higherthan 17.65% and 3.00% of double infection and 1.96% and 0.33% of multiple infection (P<0.05). A total of 15 high-risktypes of HPV and 5 low-risk types were detected in 51 positive specimens, of which the high-risk subtype with the high-est infection rate was HPV-52 (5.00%, 15/300), and the low-risk subtype with the highest infection rate was HPV-81(2.00% , 6/300). The HPV infection rate of people over 55 years old was significantly higher than that of other agegroups, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in HPV infectionrate among patients aged <25, 25-35, 36-45, and 46-55 (P>0.05). The positive detection rate of HPV and TCT in combi-nation for screening cervical lesions was 18.33%, which was significantly higher than 3.33% of TCT alone (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the positive detection rate between combined screening and HPV screening alone(P>0.05). Conclusion The HPV infection rate in females in Dongguan area is relatively high, mostly single infection.The HPV types with high infection rate are HPV-52 and HPV-81, and the high-risk groups are 36-45 years old and >55years old. HPV combined with TCT screening can effectively improve the positive detection rate of cervical lesions,which is more conducive to early diagnosis and treatment of patients.
      【Key words】 Dongguan area; Healthy females; Human papillomavirus; Genotype; Thinprep cytology test; Cervi-cal lesions