标题：体质量管理配合饮食运动指导对孕期增重及胎儿出生体质量的影响

      作者：王立娟，陈丽，李晓雯，杨亚莉    宝鸡市妇幼保健院产科，陕西 宝鸡 721000

      卷次： 2022年33卷20期

      【摘要】 目的 研究孕期体质量管理配合饮食运动指导对孕期增重及胎儿出生体质量的影响。方法 选择2019年9月至2020年11月于宝鸡市妇幼保健院进行全程产检并分娩的160例孕妇纳入研究，按随机数表法分为观察组和对照组各80例。对照组孕妇孕期接受常规营养指导干预，观察组孕妇孕期接受体质量管理配合饮食运动指导干预。比较两组孕妇孕期增重情况、妊娠并发症发生率、妊娠结局及胎儿出生情况。结果 观察组孕妇孕期增重目标达成率为85.00%，明显高于对照组的68.75%，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；观察组孕妇妊娠期并发症总发生率为5.00%，明显低于对照组的15.00%，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；观察组孕妇的剖宫产和巨大儿发生率分别为11.25%、2.50%，明显低于对照组的23.75%、13.75%，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；但两组孕妇的早产、胎膜早破及新生儿窒息发生率比较，差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)；观察组胎儿出生体质量为(3.18±0.52) kg，明显低于对照组的(3.74±0.64) kg，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，但两组胎儿娩出后1 min、5 min新生儿Apgar评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 孕期体质量管理配合饮食运动指导可有效管理孕妇孕期增重，保障母婴安全，减少巨大儿的发生率。
      【关键词】 孕期体质量管理；饮食运动指导；孕产妇；孕期增重；胎儿出生体质量
      【中图分类号】 R714.14 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2022）20—2650—03

Effects of body mass management combined with diet and exercise guidance on gestational weight gain and fetalbody mass body mass.
WANG Li-juan, CHEN Li, LI Xiao-wen, YANG Ya-li. Department of Obstetrics, Baoji Maternaland Child Health Hospital, Baoji 721000, Shaanxi, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To study the effects of gestational body mass management combined with diet and exer-cise guidance on gestational weight gain and fetal body mass. Methods A total of 160 pregnant women who underwentwhole-course antenatal examinations and delivery in Baoji Maternal and Child Health Hospital from September 2019and November 2020 were enrolled in the study. According to random number table method, they were divided into an ob-servation group and a control group, with 80 patients in each group. The pregnant women in the control group receivedroutine nutrition guidance intervention during pregnancy, while the pregnant women in the observation group receivedbody mass management combined with diet and exercise guidance intervention during pregnancy. The maternal gesta-tional weight gain, incidence of gestational complications, pregnancy outcomes, and fetal birth status were compared be-tween the two groups. Results The target achievement rate of gestational weight gain in the observation group was85.00%, which was significantly higher than 68.75% in the control group (P<0.05). The total incidence of gestationalcomplications in the observation group was 5.00%, which was significantly lower than 15.00% in the control group (P<0.05). The incidences of cesarean section and macrosomia in the observation group were 11.25% and 2.50%, which weresignificantly lower than 23.75% and 13.75% in the control group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant differencein incidence of premature delivery, premature rupture of membranes, and neonatal asphyxia between the two groups (P>0.05). The fetal birth body mass in the observation group was (3.18±0.52) kg, which was significantly lower than (3.74±0.64) kg in the control group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in neonatal Apgar scores betweenthe two groups at 1 min and 5 min after delivery (P>0.05). Conclusion The gestational body mass management com-bined with diet and exercise guidance can effectively manage maternal gestational weight gain, ensure maternal and neo-natal safety, and reduce the incidence of macrosomia.
      【Key words】 Gestational body mass management; Diet and exercise guidance; Pregnant woman; Gestationalweight gain; Fetal birth body mass