标题：胚胎绒毛细胞培养及核型分析在自然流产病因检测中的应用

      作者：冯王富，张春玲，赖宾霞，谢文光，曾研章，何晓颜，陈文锋    阳江市妇幼保健院检验科，广东 阳江 529500

      卷次： 2022年33卷5期

      【摘要】 目的 研究胚胎绒毛细胞培养及其核型分析在自然流产病因检测中的应用效果。方法 选取2018年5月至2021年5月间阳江市妇幼保健院73例自然流产孕妇的绒毛细胞组织进行改良式长期培养与传代培养，在培养成功后将绒毛细胞进行染色体制备并进行核型检测，分析染色体核型检测结果和核型分布情况。结果 本研究培养的73份样本中，原代培养共培养成功胚胎绒毛细胞65例，培养过程中出现8例污染未贴壁生长；但借助传代培养和备用培养基进行再次培养成功4例，4例培养失败，成功率为94.52%。69例细胞样本中检出染色体异常核型45例，占所有样本的 65.21%；正常核型 24例，占所有样本的 34.78%。其中，常染色体三体共14例，占异常核型的31.11%；性染色体单体共9例，占异常核型的20.00%；双重三体共3例，占异常核型的6.67%；多倍体共10例，占异常核型的22.22%；嵌合体共5例，占异常核型的11.11%；结构异常共4例，占异常核型的8.89%。结论 胚胎染色体异常是目前自然流产的主要病因之一，临床产科实践当中可以合理利用胚胎绒毛细胞染色体检查以有效判断自然流产病因，以便在合理的妊娠指导下达到优生优育的目的。
      【关键词】 自然流产；绒毛细胞；染色体；核型分析；优生优育
      【中图分类号】 R714.21 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2022）05—0585—03

Application of embryonic villus cell culture and karyotype analysis in the detection of the cause of spontaneousabortion.
FENG Wang-fu, ZHANG Chun-ling, LAI Bin-xia, XIE Wen-guang, ZENG Yan-zhang, HE Xiao-yan, CHENWen-feng. Department of Laboratory, Yangjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yangjiang 529500, Guangdong, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To study the application effect of embryonic villus cell culture and its karyotype analy-sis in the detection of the cause of spontaneous abortion. Methods The chorionic tissues of 73 pregnant women withspontaneous abortion in Yangjiang Maternity and Child Health Hospital from May 2018 to May 2021 were selected formodified long-term culture and subculture. After successful culture, the villi cells were prepared for chromosome prepa-ration and karyotype detection, and the results of chromosome karyotype detection and karyotype distribution were ana-lyzed. Results Among the 73 samples cultured in this study, 65 cases of embryonic villi cells were successfully co-cul-tured in primary culture, and 8 cases of contaminated non-adherent growth occurred during the culture process. However, 4of the 8 cases were successfully re-cultured with the help of subculture and backup medium, and 4 cases failed, with thesuccess rate of 94.52%. Among 69 cell samples, 45 cases of abnormal chromosomal karyotype were detected, accountingfor 65.21% of all samples. There were 24 cases of normal karyotype, accounting for 34.78% of all samples. Among them,there were 14 cases of autosomal trisomy (accounting for 31.11% of abnormal karyotypes), 9 cases of sex chromosomemonosomy (accounting for 20.00% of abnormal karyotypes), 3 cases of double trisomy (accounting for 6.67% of abnormalkaryotypes); there are 10 cases of polyploidy, accounting for 22.22% of abnormal karyotypes; 5 cases of mosaicism, ac-counting for 11.11% of abnormal karyotypes; 4 cases of structural abnormalities, accounting for 8.89% of abnormal karyo-types. Conclusion Embryo chromosomal abnormality is one of the main causes of spontaneous abortion at present. Inclinical obstetric practice, embryonic villi cell chromosome examination can be used to effectively determine the cause ofspontaneous abortion, so as to achieve the purpose of eugenics and childbirth under reasonable pregnancy guidance.
      【Key words】 Spontaneous abortion; Villi cells; Chromosomes; Karyotype analysis; Eugenics