标题：清远市清城区3~6岁儿童睡眠习惯及其与生长发育的相关性

      作者：李秋婵，林睿，彭琼    清远市妇幼保健院儿童保健科，广东 清远 511500

      卷次： 2021年32卷24期

      【摘要】 目的 研究清远市清城区3~6岁儿童睡眠习惯情况，并探讨儿童睡眠习惯量表(CSHQ)与儿童生长发育的相关性。方法 随机选择2018年6月至2020年11月在清远市妇幼保健院儿童保健科、儿童生长发育科进行体检的860例3~6岁儿童为研究对象，检查其身高、体质量，计算其体质量指数(BMI)，采用CSHQ问卷反馈儿童最近30d睡眠状况，采用Pearson相关分析法分析CSHQ评分与儿童身高、体质量及BMI的相关性。结果 6岁儿童睡眠不足率为11.48%，明显高于3岁儿童的5.08%，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，3~6岁儿童就寝延迟率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；3~6岁儿童睡眠问题主要见于害怕就寝、入睡困难、打鼾、磨牙、夜惊、白天嗜睡；CSHQ评分>41分的3岁、4岁、5岁、6岁儿童的体质量分别为(18.73±2.47) kg、(20.16±1.86) kg、(23.76±2.95) kg、(25.05±3.16) kg，明显高于CSHQ评分≤41分儿童的(16.54±1.58) kg、(17.99±2.42) kg、(19.84±1.74) kg、(22.11±2.55) kg，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；CSHQ评分>41分的3岁、4岁、5岁、6岁儿童的身高分别为(101.39±2.52) cm、(102.81±2.07) cm、(106.97±4.73) cm、(110.44±2.85) cm，明显低于 CSHQ评分≤41分儿童的 (104.39±3.13) cm、(108.81±3.28) cm、(112.97±3.06) cm、(119.44±4.22) cm，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；CSHQ评分>41分的3岁、4岁、5岁、6岁儿童的BMI分别为(18.22±2.03) kg/m2、(19.07±2.46) kg/m2、(20.76±2.17) kg/m2、(20.54±2.14) kg/m2，明显高于CSHQ评分≤41分儿童的(16.09±1.75) kg/m2、(17.02±2.13) kg/m2、(17.34±1.95) kg/m2、(18.13±1.96) kg/m2，差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；CSHQ得分与儿童身高呈负相关(r=-0.451，P<0.05)，与体质量、BMI呈正相关(r=0.502、0.488，P<0.05)。结论 清远市清城区3~6岁儿童的睡眠习惯与其身高、体质量和BMI均有较强相关性，临床应尽可能的纠正此年龄段儿童的睡眠问题，减少儿童肥胖发生率。
      【关键词】 清远市；儿童睡眠习惯量表；生长发育；身高；体质量；相关性
      【中图分类号】 R179 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2021）24—3213—04

Evaluation of sleeping habits of children aged 3 to 6 in Qingcheng District of Qingyuan City and its correlationwith growth and development.
LI Qiu-chan, LIN Rui, PENG Qiong. Department of Child Health Care, QingyuanMaternal and Child Health Hospital, Qingyuan 511500, Guangdong, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To study the sleeping habits of children aged 3 to 6 years in Qingcheng District of Qingyu-an City, and to explore the correlation between children's sleeping habits scale (CSHQ) and children's growth and develop-ment. Methods A total of 860 children aged 3 to 6 who had physical examination in Department of Child Health Care,Qingyuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2018 to November 2020 were randomly selected. Theirheight and body mass were measured, and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The CSHQ questionnaire wasused to feedback children's sleep status in recent 30 days, and Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlationbetween CSHQ score and children's height, weight and BMI. Results The rate of insufficient sleep in 6-year-old chil-dren was 11.48%, which were significantly higher than 5.08% of 3-year-old children (P<0.05). There was no signifi-cant difference in the rate of delay sleepiness among 3 to 6 year-old children (P>0.05). The sleep problems of childrenaged 3 to 6 mainly included fear of going to bed, difficulty in falling asleep, snoring, grinding teeth, night terrors, anddaytime sleepiness. The weight of children aged 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, and 6 years with CSHQ score>41 were (18.73±2.47) kg, (20.16±1.86) kg, (23.76±2.95) kg, and (25.05±3.16) kg, which were significantly higher than (16.54±1.58) kg,(17.99±2.42) kg, (19.84±1.74) kg, (22.11±2.55) kg of children aged 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, and 6 years with CSHQscore ≤41 (P<0.05). The height of children aged 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, and 6 years with CSHQ score>41 were(101.39 ± 2.52) cm, (102.81 ± 2.07) cm, (106.97 ± 4.73) cm, and (110.44 ± 2.85) cm, which were significantly higherthan (104.39±3.13) cm, (108.81±3.28) cm, (112.97±3.06) cm, and (119.44±4.22) cm of children aged 3 years, 4 years,5 years, and 6 years with CSHQ score≤41 (P<0.05). BMI of children aged 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, and 6 years withCSHQ score>41 were (18.22±2.03) kg/m2, (19.07±2.46) kg/m2, (20.76±2.17) kg/m2, (20.54±2.14) kg/m2, which weresignificantly higher than (16.09±1.75) kg/m2, (17.02±2.13) kg/m2, (17.34±1.95) kg/m2, (18.13±1.96) kg/m2 of childrenaged 3 years, 4 years, 5 years, and 6 years with CSHQ score ≤41 (P<0.05). CSHQ score was negatively correlatedwith children's height (r=-0.451, P<0.05) and positively correlated with bodyweight and BMI (r=0.502, 0.488, P<0.05).