标题：强化急救护理联合术后康复锻炼对AMI患者抢救质量和心脏功能的影响

      作者：侯小倩，刘智华    西安市中医医院心血管内科，陕西 西安 710021

      卷次： 2021年32卷17期

      【摘要】 目的 探讨强化急救护理联合术后康复锻炼对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者抢救质量和心脏功能的影响。方法 选取2018年3月至2020年3月于西安市中医医院心血管内科行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的60例急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者为研究对象，按随机数表法分为常规组和强化组，每组 30例，常规组患者采用强化急救护理，强化组患者采用强化急救护理联合术后康复锻炼。比较两组患者急救效果、急诊停留时间、完成首份心电图时间、完成肌钙蛋白检查时间、住院时间以及并发症发生情况；比较两组患者术后第10天、第3个月、第6个月的左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVED)，并依据患者不同时间点的最大摄氧量(VO2max)及无氧阈(AT)测定心肺功能分级。结果 两组患者抢救成功率、急诊停留时间、完成首份心电图时间、完成肌钙蛋白检查时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)，强化组患者住院时间为(9.65±2.98) d，明显短于常规组的(14.32±3.51) d，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；强化组患者的心脏功能检查指标和心功能分级明显优于常规组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；强化组患者的相关并发症的发生率为20.0%，明显低于常规组的36.6%，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 强化急救护理联合术后康复锻炼可显著缩短患者住院时间，改善AMI患者PCI术后的心肺功能，有效保护患者心脏机能，减少术后患者严重并发症的发生率。
      【关键词】 急性心肌梗死；强化急救护理；术后康复锻炼；心脏功能；预后
      【中图分类号】 R473.6 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2021）17—2303—04

Effect of intensive first aid nursing combined with postoperative rehabilitation exercise on quality of rescue andcardiac function in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
HOU Xiao-qian, LIU Zhi-hua. Department ofCardiology, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effect of intensive first aid nursing combined with postoperative rehabil-itation exercise on the quality of rescue and cardiac function of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods A total of 60 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who underwent percutaneous coronary interven-tion (PCI) in the Department of Cardiology, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2018 to March2020 were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table, they were divided into the convention-al group and the intensive group, with 30 cases in each group. The conventional group was given intensive first aid nurs-ing, and the intensive group was given intensive first aid nursing combined with postoperative rehabilitation exercise.The first aid effect, emergency stay time, time to complete the first ECG, time to complete troponin test, hospitalizationtime and complications of the two groups were compared; the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventric-ular end-diastolic diameter (LVED) of the two groups at 10th day, 3rd month and 6th month after surgery, and the cardio-pulmonary function classification based on the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) and anaerobic threshold (AT) ofthe patients at different time points the cardiac function were measured. Results There was no significant differencebetween the two groups in the success rate of rescue, time of stay in emergency department, time of completion of firstECG, and time of completion of troponin test (all P>0.05); the duration of hospitalization in the intensive group was(9.65±2.98) days, which was significantly shorter than (14.32±3.51) days in the conventional group (P<0.05); the cardi-ac function examination and grading in the intensive group were significantly better than those in the routine group (P<0.05), and the incidence of complications in the intensive group was 20.0% versus 36.6% in the routine group (P<0.05).Conclusion Intensive first aid nursing combined with postoperative rehabilitation exercise can significantly shortenthe hospitalization time, improve the cardiopulmonary function of AMI patients after PCI, effectively protect the heartfunction of patients, and reduce the incidence of serious complications.
      【Key words】 Acute myocardial infarction (AMI); Intensive first aid nursing; Postoperative rehabilitation exer-cise; Heart function; Prognosis·护理·doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6350.2021.17.034