标题：热带城市医院急诊患者的季节性变化特点

      作者：邢沁蕊 1，2，褚志祥 1，2，王涛 1，2    1.解放军总医院海南医院急诊医学科，海南 三亚 572014；2.全军热射病防治与研究中心，海南 三亚 572014

      卷次： 2021年32卷13期

      【摘要】 目的 研究热带城市医院急诊患者的季节性变化特点，为急诊学科建设提供数据支持。方法 利用医院电子化信息系统，回顾性分析2014年8月至2019年7月5年期间解放军总医院海南医院急诊就诊患者的流行病学特点。结果 5年期间共有 141 110例到访急诊，人数逐年增多，每年 12月到次年 3月是急诊就诊高峰；共有33 721例海南本地患者就诊，占23.9%，月份之间差异较小；外地患者中黑龙江、北京等省市人数较多，呈现明显的季节性；本地患者更年轻，因为外伤等原因就诊的较多，而来源于黑龙江、北京、吉林等地的患者年龄较大，往往因为内科等疾病就诊。结论 急诊科就诊患者呈现季节性特点，候鸟患者是就诊的主要人群，合理配置医疗资源，因时制宜，对于当地医院急诊发展尤为重要。
      【关键词】 急诊科；流行病学；旅游城市；候鸟人口
      【中图分类号】 R459.7 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2021）13—1716—04

Seasonal variation of patients visiting the emergency department in a hospital of tropical city.
XING Qin-rui 1,2,CHU Zhi-xiang 1,2, WANG Tao 1,2. 1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Sanya 572014, Hainan, CHINA; 2. The Center of Heat Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Peoples' Liberation Army,Sanya 572014, Hainan, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To study the seasonal variations of emergency patients in a hospital in Sanya, a tropicalcity, and provide data for supporting for the development of emergency departments. Methods We retrospectively ana-lyzed the epidemiological characteristics of emergency patients during the five-year period from August 2014 to July2019, using the hospital's electronic information system. Results There were 141 110 emergency visits in a 5-year in-terval, and the number of visits increased year by year. The number of visits changed seasonally and was higher from De-cember to March of the following year. Among the 141 110 emergency visits, 33 721 were local patients of Hainan prov-ince, accounting for 23.9%. The difference in the number of visits between months was small. Patients from other prov-inces and cities such as Heilongjiang, Beijing, Jilin, etc. showed obvious seasonal changes. There were significant differ-ences in demographic characteristics between local and immigrant patients. The local patients are younger and often vis-ited the emergency department because of trauma, while immigrant patients usually had more internal diseases and high-er age. Conclusion There were seasonal variations in emergency department visits in a hospital in Sanya. Migratorypopulation is the main source of emergency visits. Hospitals and the government should take measures to address theproblems related to emergency overcrowding. Reasonable allocation of medical resources according to the situation isparticularly important for the development of emergency department in local hospital.
      【Key words】 Emergency department; Epidemiology; Tourist city; Migratory population