标题：浦东新区大学新生焦虑现况及影响因素分析

      作者：吴倩，张莉，顾春华，王静    上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院，上海 200136

      卷次： 2021年32卷9期

      【摘要】 目的 了解浦东新区高校大一新生焦虑现况及影响因素，分析焦虑与未来规划、电子产品使用时长的关系，为大一新生心理干预提供依据。方法 2019年 11~12月期间按照学校类别随机抽取浦东新区 3所高校，对 2 682名高校大一新生进行线上自填式问卷调查，采用自制问卷和常用量表，调查学生社会人口学特征、基本信息和健康相关行为、焦虑抑郁现状等。结果 共回收有效问卷 2 288份，占 85.3%。单因素分析结果显示，性别、生源地、理想专业、未来规划、电子产品使用时长、健康自评、家庭类型、恋爱经历、抑郁九个因素与焦虑之间存在关联(P<0.05)；多因素分析结果显示，女生、健康自评低分值、抑郁阳性检出者焦虑风险高(P<0.05)；与从未计划未来者比，未来跨专业就业、未来跨专业考研焦虑风险高(OR 分别为 1.153、1.597，P<0.001)，未来本专业就业、本专业考研焦虑风险低(OR 分别为 0.723、0.905，P<0.001)；电子产品使用时间超过 8 h及以上，焦虑风险越高(OR 分别为 1.552、1.609，P<0.001)。结论 浦东新区高校大一新生焦虑发生率高，影响焦虑的因素众多复杂，未来规划、电子产品使用时长等因素导致焦虑的发生，今后需有针对性制定干预方案以提高大学生心理健康水平。
      【关键词】 大一新生；焦虑；心理健康；影响因素；问卷调查
      【中图分类号】 R195 【文献标识码】 D 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2021）09—1196—05

Anxiety status of freshmen in Pudong New Area and its relationship with future planning and electronic usagetime.
WU Qian, ZHANG Li, GU Chun-hua, WANG Jing. Department of Health Education, Shanghai Pudong New AreaCenter for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200136,CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of freshmen's anxiety inPudong New Area, and to analyze the relationship between anxiety and future planning, electronic using time, so as toprovide the basis for freshmen's psychological intervention. Methods From November to December in 2019, threeuniversities in Pudong New Area were randomly selected according to the types of schools, and 2 682 freshmen wereinvestigated with online self-administered questionnaire. Self-made questionnaires and commonly used scales wereused to investigate students' socio demographic characteristics, basic information, health-related behaviors, anxietyand depression status, etc. Results A total of 2 288 valid questionnaires were collected, accounting for 85.3%. Uni-variate analysis showed that gender, source of students, ideal major, future planning, electronic usage time, self-evalua-tion of health, family type, love experience and depression were associated with anxiety (P<0.05); multivariate analy-sis showed that female students, those with low score of health self-assessment and positive detection of depressionhad higher anxiety risk (P<0.05); compared with those who have never planned for the future, the anxiety risk of fu-ture interdisciplinary employment and postgraduate entrance examination was higher (OR=1.153, 1.597, P<0.001),and the anxiety risk of future employment and postgraduate entrance examination was lower (OR=0.723, 0.905, P<0.001); when the electronic usage time was more than 8 hours or more, the risk of anxiety was higher (OR=1.552,1.609, P<0.001). Conclusion The incidence of anxiety of freshmen in Pudong New Area is high, and the influencingfactors are numerous and complex. Future planning, electronic usage time and other factors will affect the occurrenceof anxiety. In the future, targeted intervention programs should be formulated to improve the mental health level of col-lege students.
      【Key words】 Freshmen; Anxiety; Psychological health; Influencing factors; Questionnaire survey·调查研究·doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6350.2021.09.028基金项目：上海市浦东新区卫生系统重点学科建设资助(编号：PWZxk2017-28)；上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心卫生科技项目(编号：PDCDC-2018-07)