标题：营养教育指导对婴幼儿辅食添加质量及生长发育的影响

      作者：吴俊青 1，史维娟 2，罗丹 2    1.西安市第四医院儿童保健中心，陕西 西安 710000；2.西安大兴医院儿童保健科，陕西 西安 710016

      卷次： 2021年32卷9期

      【摘要】 目的 分析营养教育指导对婴幼儿辅食添加质量及生长发育的影响。方法 回顾性分析2016年6月至2019年6月在西安市第四医院儿童保健中心进行健康检查的118例婴幼儿的临床资料。根据不同的营养指导干预方法分为对照组(n=58，常规营养指导)和研究组(n=60，营养教育指导)，两组指导时间均为1年。比较两组婴幼儿干预前、干预后第3个月的头围、身高、体质量、血红蛋白和血清铁、锌水平、贫血、营养不良及肥胖发生情况。干预1年后，评估两组婴幼儿的微量营养素水平。结果 干预后第3个月，两组婴幼儿的身高、体质量及头围均较干预前增加，血红蛋白和血清铁、锌水平均较干预前上升，且研究组上述生长发育指标、血红蛋白和血清铁、锌水平明显高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；研究组婴幼儿干预1年后的各类膳食供给量(RDA)明显高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)，且研究组维生素A、B1摄入达到RDA的80%以上；干预后，两组婴幼儿的贫血、营养不良、肥胖发生率有所降低，但组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 营养教育指导可有效改善婴幼儿营养状况，促进其生长发育，值得推广应用。
      【关键词】 营养教育指导；婴幼儿；辅食添加；生长发育；体质量；微量营养素；营养状况
      【中图分类号】 R153.2 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2021）09—1155—04

Influence of nutrition education guidance on the quality of supplementary food supplementation and growth ofinfants and young children.
WU Jun-qing 1, SHI Wei-juan 2, LUO Dan 2. 1. Children's Healthcare Center, Xi'an FourthHospital, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, CHINA; 2. Department of Child Healthcare, Xi'an Daxing Hospital, Xi'an 710016,Shaanxi, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the influence of nutrition education guidance on the quality of supplementa-ry food supplementation and growth of infants and young children. Methods The clinical data of 118 infants andyoung children who underwent health checkups in the Children's Health Center, Xi'an Fourth Hospital from June 2016 toJune 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different interventions of nutrition guidance, they were divided in-to the control group (n=58, conventional nutrition guidance) and the study group (n=60, nutrition education guidance).The guidance time in two groups was 1 year. The head circumference, height, body mass, hemoglobin, serum iron andzinc levels and the incidences of anemia, malnutrition and obesity of infants and young children before intervention andin the third month after the intervention between the two groups were compared. One year after the intervention, the lev-els of micronutrients in infants and young children between the two groups were evaluated. Results In the third monthafter the intervention, the height, body mass and head circumference of the infants in the two groups were significantlyhigher than those before the intervention; the hemoglobin and serum iron and zinc levels were significantly higher thanthose before the intervention; the above growth and development indicators, hemoglobin and serum iron and zinc levelsin the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group; the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of infants and young children of the study group 1 year after inter-vention were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The intake of vitamin A and B1 in the study group reached more than 80% of the RDA. After the intervention, theincidences of anemia, malnutrition, and obesity decreased in the two groups, but the differences between the groups werenot statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion The guidance of nutrition education can effectively improve the nutri-tional status of infants and young children, promote their growth and development, and it is worthy of wide applicationand promotion.
      【Key words】 Guidance of nutrition education; Infants and young children; Supplementary food supplement;Growth and development; Body mass; Micronutrients; Nutritional status