标题：2011—2018年我院医务人员锐器伤调查分析

      作者：李春燕，杨文伟，汪可可，蒋良芝    上海市杨浦区中心医院(同济大学附属杨浦医院)感染管理科，上海 200090

      卷次： 2020年31卷24期

      【摘要】 目的 了解我院医务人员发生锐器伤的人群分布特征和风险环节，为制定有效防控措施提供依据。方法 回顾性分析上海市杨浦区中心医院2011年1月至2018年12月发生锐器伤的333名医务人员及其所致职业暴露资料。结果 在发生针刺伤的333名医务人员中，医生56名、护士235名、医技人员7名、工勤人员10名、其他人员25名，其中工作年限为1~5年占73.38%；受伤发生的环节排名前三的是连接静脉输液器、静脉注射(直接注射或加药)、肌肉/皮下注射；损伤主要发生在锐器使用后处理前和器械使用过程中；针刺伤主要发生在普通病房、手术室和重症监护病房；损伤部位排名前三的分别为手指、手腕和手心；24.62%的职业暴露与接触血源性病原体有关，其中乙型肝炎病毒和梅毒螺旋体是主要的病原体。结论 锐器伤给医务人员带来较大的安全隐患，需要加强医务人员职业危害相关知识的培训及教育，规范医务工作人员的操作，提高职业伤害后紧急处理能力，对预防和减少护理人员锐器伤有重要的意义。
      【关键词】 医务人员；锐器伤；针刺伤；职业暴露；职业防护
      【中图分类号】 R64 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2020）24—3252—04

Investigation and analysis of sharp instrument injuries of medical staff from 2011 to 2018.
LI Chun-yan, YANGWen-wei, WANG Ke-ke, JIANG Liang-zhi. Department of Infection Management, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University/Shanghai Yangpu District Central Hospital, Shanghai 200090, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To understand the distribution characteristics and risk links of medical staff with sharpinstrument injuries, and to provide evidence for effective prevention and control measures. Methods A retrospectiveanalysis was performed on the clinical data of 333 medical staff with occupational exposure to sharp instrument injuriesfrom Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2018 in Shanghai Yangpu District Central Hospital. Results Among the 333 medical staff whohad sharp instrument injury, there were 56 doctors, 235 nurses, 7 medical technicians, 10 workers, and 25 others, ofwhich 73.38% medical workers had 1-5 years of service. The top three process for injury were connected intravenous in-fusion, intravenous injection (direct injection or dosing), and muscle/subcutaneous injection, and the injury mainly oc-curred before the device was used for post treatment and during the use of medical devices. Sharp instrument injuriesmainly occurred in general wards, operating rooms, and intensive care units. The top three injury locations were the fin-gers, wrists, and palms. After analysis, 24.62% of occupational exposure was related to blood-borne pathogens, and hepa-titis B virus and Treponema pallidum were the main pathogens. Conclusion Sharp instrument injuries pose a major hid-den danger to medical workers. It is necessary to strengthen the training and education of occupational hazards, regulatethe operation of medical workers, and improve the emergency handling capacity after occupational injuries, in order toprevent and reduce sharp instrument injuries.
      【Key words】 Medical staff; Sharp instrument injury; Needle stick injury; Occupational exposure; Occupationalprotection·调查研究·doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6350.2020.24.035基金项目：上海市卫生和计划生育委员会青年项目(编号：20174Y0022)