标题：7433例胃镜检查结果分析

      作者：陈朝武 1，陈泽庭 2，林梓瀚 1，江志彬 1，黄志豪 1，周美君 1，林昱 1    普宁华侨医院消化科 1、内镜中心 2，广东 揭阳 515300

      卷次： 2020年31卷10期

      【摘要】 目的 研究普宁华侨医院消化内镜中心诊断的上消化道疾病的分布特点，为本地区临床上消化道疾病的防治和卫生决策提供参考。方法 选择2018年1~12月普宁华侨医院消化内镜中心胃镜检查的7 433例受检者为研究对象，将其按不同年龄分为青年组 2 926例、中年组 2 582例、老年组 1 768例，此外还有 18岁以下者 157例。分析受检者各种上消化道疾病的发病情况，并比较不同性别、年龄段患者各主要疾病发病情况。结果 普宁地区常见上消化道疾病为慢性胃炎、十二指肠炎、反流性食管炎、十二指肠溃疡、胃息肉、食管癌，其检出率分别为92.95%、11.11%、10.45%、11.25%、10.91%、2.04%。胃息肉中女性检出率为14.99%，而男性为7.45%，女性较男性多见，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，而其他上消化道疾病中男性均较女性多见，其中，十二指肠炎、反流性食管炎、胃溃疡、十二指肠溃疡、食管癌、食管胃结合部癌、急性胃黏膜病变、食管胃底静脉曲张在不同性别中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；在不同年龄组方面，慢性胃炎、十二指肠炎、胃息肉、十二指肠息肉、胃溃疡、十二指肠溃疡、复合性溃疡、食管癌、胃癌、食管胃结合部癌检出率三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，以中老年组多见。其中，老年患者消化道肿瘤发病率最高，检出率为10.63%，青年组检出率为0.03%，中年组检出率为1.12%，三组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 普宁地区常见上消化道疾病为慢性胃炎、十二指肠炎、反流性食管炎、十二指肠溃疡、胃息肉、食管癌。胃息肉女性较男性多见，而其他上消化道疾病中男性均较女性多见。中老年组患者较青年组患者多见的疾病有慢性胃炎、十二指肠炎、胃息肉、十二指肠息肉、胃溃疡、十二指肠溃疡、复合性溃疡、食管癌、胃癌、食管胃结合部癌。
      【关键词】 普宁地区；上消化道疾病；胃镜检查；发病情况
      【中图分类号】 R573 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2020）10—1256—04

Analysis on 7 433 cases of upper gastrointestinal diseases diagnosed by gastroscopy.
CHEN Chao-wu 1, CHENZe-ting 2, LIN Zi-han 1, JIANG Zhi-bin 1, HUANG Zhi-hao 1, ZHOU Mei-jun 1, LIN Yu 1. Department of Gastroenterology 1,Gastroscopy Center 2, Puning Overseas Chinese Hospital, Jieyang 515300, Guangdong, CHINA【Abstract】Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of upper digestive tract diseases diagnosed bygastroscopy in Puning Overseas Chinese Hospital, so as to provide clinical data for the prevention and treatment of up-per digestive tract diseases and as a basis for health decision in Puning. Methods In this study, a total of 7 433 cases de-tected by gastroscopy in Department of Gastroenterology, Puning Overseas Chinese Hospital in 2018 were selected.They were divided into youth group (2 926 cases), middle-aged group (2 582 cases), elderly group (1 768 cases) accord-ing to age, and there were 157 cases under 18 years old. The incidences of various upper gastrointestinal diseases of sub-jects were analyzed. The major diseases were statistically analyzed by sex and age, and the differences between thegroups were compared. Results The main components of upper digestive tract diseases in Puning were chronic gastri-tis, duodenitis, reflux esophagitis, duodenal ulcer, gastric polyps, esophagus cancer, and the incidences were 92.95% ,11.11%, 10.45%, 11.25%, 10.91%, 2.04%, respectively. The incidence of gastric polyps was 14.99% in females, whichwas significantly higher than 7.45% in males (P<0.05). But the incidences of other upper digestive tract diseases werehigher in males than females, with statistically significant difference in duodenitis, reflux esophagitis, peptic ulcer, duo-denal ulcer, esophagus cancer, gastroesophageal cancer, acute gastric mucosa hemorrhage, esophageal and gastric varicesbetween the two groups (P<0.05). Among the three different age groups, there were statistically significant differences inthe detection rates of chronic gastritis, duodenitis, gastric polyps, duodenal ployps, peptic ulcer, duodenal ulcer, com-pound ulcer, esophagus cancer, stomach cancer, gastroesophageal cancer, and the detection rates were higher in mid-dle-aged and elderly groups. The incidence of upper digestive tract cancer was 10.63% in the elderly group, and 0.03%in youth group and 1.12% in middle-aged group, with statistically signifigant differences among the three groups (P<0.05). Conclusion The common upper digestive tract diseases were chronic gastritis, duodenitis, reflux esophagitis,duodenal ulcer, gastric polyps, esophagus cancer in Puning. The incidence of gastric polyps in females was higher, butthat of other upper digestive tract diseases was higher in males. Chronic gastritis, duodenitis, gastric polyps, duodenalployps, peptic ulcer, duodenal ulcer, compound ulcer, esophagus cancer, stomach cancer, gastroesophageal cancer weremore common in middle-aged and elderly groups than youth group.
      【Key words】 Puning; Upper digestive tract diseases; Gastroscopy; Incidence