标题：我院2011年临床分离5 098株病原菌分布及耐药性分析

      作者：陈 琼 1，阮章元 2，郑长业 1
    (福建医科大学附属闽东医院检验科 1、输血科 2，福建 福安 355000）

      卷次： 2013年24卷11期

      【摘要】 目的 了解本院2011年临床分离细菌和念珠菌的分布特征、耐药谱，为临床合理使用抗生素提供
依据。方法 大多数分离细菌的鉴定和药敏试验利用Vitek2仪，少数利用手工鉴定和K-B法，念珠菌利用显色
平板分离和鉴定K-B法，药敏数据分析用WHONET5.4软件。结果 各种标本类型5 098株分离株中，占前6位
的分别是大肠埃希菌(9.9%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(9.0%)、铜绿假单胞菌(8.1%)、白色念珠菌(7.7%)、金黄色葡萄球菌
(6.1%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(5.7%)。革兰氏阴性杆菌耐药率较低的为亚胺培南、美洛培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西
林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星，大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产ESBLs比例分别为55.0%和47.8%。革兰氏阳性球菌耐药
率较低的为万古霉素、替考拉宁、呋喃妥因。金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和腐生葡萄球菌的
甲氧西林耐药率分别为50.8%、92.9%、90.4%和94.0%。念珠菌对常用抗真菌药物两性霉素B、制菌霉素、伊曲康
唑、氟胞嘧啶的耐药率较低。结论 革兰阴性杆菌已成为医院分离的最常见病原菌，医院应重视病原菌的耐药
性监测，指导临床合理使用抗生素。

      【关键词】 临床分布；病原菌；耐药性

      【中图分类号】 R446.5 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2013）11—1644—04


Distribution and drug resistance spectrum of 5 098 clinical pathogens in 2011 in our hospital.
CHEN Qiong 1,
RUAN Zhang-yuan 2, ZHENG Chang-ye 1. Department of Clinical Laboratory 1, Department of Blood Transfusion 2,
Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fu'an 355000, Fujian, CHINA

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance spectrum of 5 098 clinical patho-
gens in 2011. Methods Most bacterial isolates were identified by Vitek-2 and a few were identified by manual meth-
od and K-B method. Candida isolates were identified by color-display plate and K-B method. Results The common
isolates in 5 098 strains were E. coli (9.9%), A. baumannii (9.0%), P. aeruginosa (8.1%), C. albicans (7.7%), S. aureus
(6.1%), K. pneumoniae (5.7%). In gram-negative isolates, bacteria resistance rates for Imipenem, Meropenem, Cefoper-
azone/sulbactam, Piperacillin/tazobactam, Amikacin were low. The rates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae producing ES-
BLs were 55.0% and 47.8%, respectively. In gram-positive cocci isolates, bacteria resistance rates for Vancomycin,
Teicoplanin, Nitrofurantoin were low. The methicillin-resistant rates of S. aureus, S. haemolyticus, S. epidermidis and S.
saprophyticus were 50.8%, 92.9%, 90.4% and 94.0%, respectively. Candida resistance rates for Amphotericin B, Itra-
conazole, Flucytosine and Nystain were low. Conclusion Gram-negative bacillus have become the most common
pathogens from clinical specimens. Hospitals should pay attention to the root cause of drug resistant bacteria and ratio-
nal use of antimicrobial agent.

      【Key words】 Clinical distribution; Pathogens; Drug resistance
·论 著·doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6350.2013.11.0685