标题：T2DM患者糖尿病视网膜病变的认知调查及影响因素分析

      作者：吴丽萍，胡春玲，张悦，张玮    上海宝山区仁和医院眼科，上海 200431

      卷次： 2021年32卷17期

      【摘要】 目的 调查 2型糖尿病 (T2DM)患者对糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR)的认知情况，并分析其影响因素。方法 选取2017年3月至2019年3月上海宝山区仁和医院确诊为T2DM的617例患者为研究对象，以问卷的方式对其展开调查，问卷回收率为100%。统计患者一般资料及对DR各项相关知识了解情况，同时经单因素及多因素分析影响DR认知度的相关因素。结果 T2DM患者对空腹血糖正常值、是否可以避免DR引起的失明的知晓率较高，其知晓率分别为79.42%和61.43%，而对DR的治疗方法及应何时进行激光治疗的知晓率较低，其知晓率只有12.32%和13.29%；617例T2DM患者DR认知度评分16~81分，平均(48.19±20.39)分；经单因素分析发现，年龄较低、文化程度较高、合并DR及参加DM讲座的患者认知度明显较高(P<0.05)；经多因素分析发现，年龄、文化程度、合并DR及参加DM讲座均是影响DR认知度的独立因素(P<0.05)。结论 T2DM患者对DR认知度普遍偏低，而DR认知度与T2DM患者年龄、文化程度、是否合并DR、是否参加DM讲座密切相关；应加强DR健康宣教，并重点关注年龄高、文化程度低、未合并DR及未参与DM讲座者。
      【关键词】 2型糖尿病；视网膜病变；认知度；问卷调查；影响因素
      【中图分类号】 R587.1 【文献标识码】 D 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2021）17—2272—03

Cognitive investigation and influencing factors analysis of diabetic retinopathy in patients with T2DM.
WULi-ping, HU Chun-ling, ZHANG Yue, ZHANG Wei. Department of Ophthalmology, Renhe Hospital of Shanghai BaoshanDistrict, Shanghai 200431, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the cognition of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on diabet-ic retinopathy (DR) and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 617 patients diagnosed with T2DM in Ren-he Hospital of Shanghai Baoshan District from March 2017 to March 2019 were selected as the study objects. Question-naires were used for investigation, and the questionnaire response rate was 100%. The general information of patientsand the scores of DR related knowledge were statistically analyzed, and the related factors that affect DR cognition wereanalyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate analysis. Results T2DM patients had a higher awareness rate of nor-mal value of fasting blood glucose (79.42%) and whether blindness caused by DR can be avoid (61.43%), while had alower awareness rate of DR treatment (12.32%) and when to perform laser treatment (13.29%). The DR cognition scoreof 617 T2DM patients was 16 to 81 points, with an average of (48.19±20.39) points. After univariate analysis, the cogni-tion was significantly higher in patients with lower age, higher education level, combined DR and attending DM lectures(P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that age, education level, combined DR, and attending DM lectures were all inde-pendent factors that affect DR cognition (P<0.05). Conclusion T2DM patients generally have low DR cognition, andDR cognition is closely related to age, education level, whether they have combined DR, and whether they participate inDM lectures. Therefore, DR health education should be strengthened, and focus on patients with advanced age, low edu-cation level, no combination of DR, and not attending DM lectures.
      【Key words】 Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Retinopathy; Cognition; Questionnaire investigation; Influencing factors·调查研究·doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6350.2021.17.025