标题：缺血性脑卒中后认知功能障碍的危险因素及护理措施

      作者：张潇潇 1，唐雪花 2，王龙芳 3    安康市中心医院神经内科 1、重症医学科 2、北院重症医学科 3，陕西 安康 725000

      卷次： 2019年30卷13期

      【摘要】 目的 探讨缺血性脑卒中后认知功能障碍的影响因素及认知护理干预效果。方法 选取 2018年1~10月就诊于安康市中心医院的缺血性脑卒中后出现认知功能障碍的80例患者作为观察组，选取同期缺血性脑卒中后未出现认知功能障碍的80例患者作为对照组，分析影响患者认知功能障碍的相关因素，并给予观察组患者认知护理干预，对比干预前后患者护理满意度。结果 单因素分析结果显示，教育程度低下、吸烟、原发性高血压、糖尿病、饮酒、脑白质疏松和颈动脉粥样硬化是影响缺血性脑卒中患者认知功能障碍的因素(P<0.05)；多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，教育程度低下、脑白质疏松、原发性高血压、颈动脉粥样硬化是影响缺血性脑卒中患者出现认知功能障碍的主要因素(P<0.05)；对观察组患者实施认知护理干预后，患者满意度为91.25%，明显高于对照组的73.75%，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 教育程度低下、脑白质疏松、原发性高血压、颈动脉粥样硬化是影响缺血性脑卒中患者认知功能障碍的主要因素，实施针对性的认知护理干预，可显著提高患者护理满意度。
      【关键词】 缺血性脑卒中；认知功能；影响因素；护理干预；脑卒中
      【中图分类号】 R473.74 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2019）13—1757—03

Risk factors and nursing measures of cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke.
ZHANG Xiao-xiao 1, TANGXue-hua 2, WANG Long-fang 3. Department of Neurology 1, Department of Critical Care Medicine 2, Department of CriticalCare Medicine 3, Ankang Central Hospital, Ankang 725000, Shaanxi, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To explore the influencing factors of cognitive dysfunction after ischemic stroke and theeffect of cognitive nursing intervention. Methods Eighty patients with cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke inAnkang Central Hospital from January 2018 to October 2018 were selected as the study group, and 80 patients withoutcognitive impairment after ischemic stroke during the same period were selected as the control group. The related factorsaffecting cognitive impairment were analyzed, and the patients in the observation group were given frontal cognitivenursing intervention. The nursing satisfaction of patients before and after intervention was compared. Results Singlefactor analysis showed that the factors influencing cognitive dysfunction in patients with ischemic stroke were low educa-tion level, smoking, essential hypertension, diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, leukoaraiosis, and carotid atheroscle-rosis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low education level, leukoaraiosis, essential hypertension,and carotid atherosclerosis were the main factors affecting cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic stroke. Aftercognitive nursing intervention, the satisfaction of patients in the observation group was 91.25%, significantly higher than73.75% in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Low education level, leukoaraiosis, essential hypertension, and ca-rotid atherosclerosis are the main factors affecting cognitive dysfunction in patients with ischemic stroke. Targeted cogni-tive nursing intervention can significantly improve the nursing satisfaction of patients.
      【Key words】 Ischemic stroke; Cognitive function; Influencing factors; Nursing intervention; Stroke·护理·doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6350.2019.13.035