标题：静脉瘤的影像学诊断

      作者：周柱玉 1，张海兵 2，汤敏 3    1.德阳市人民医院超声科，四川 德阳 618000；2.德阳市人民医院放射科，四川 德阳 618000；3.上海复旦大学医学院附属中山医院，上海 200032

      卷次： 2019年30卷13期

      【摘要】 目的 分析静脉瘤的影像学特征，探讨静脉瘤的影像学诊断价值。方法 收集德阳市人民医院2012年 1月至2017年12月间30例就诊患者各部位静脉瘤的完整CT和MR动态增强扫描资料，通过多平面重建(MPR)、最大密度投影(MIP)、容积再现技术(VR)技术分析静脉瘤及并发症影像学特征。结果 瘤体位置：11例位于门静脉，6例位于腔静脉，5例位于颈静脉，3例位于肺静脉，2例位于肾静脉，1例位于大脑大静脉(Galen瘤)，1例位于肝静脉，1例起源于位于腹膜后静脉；瘤体形态(局限性梭形或囊状扩张)：21例呈囊状，9例呈梭形；合并症及伴发畸形：12例瘤内合并血栓，9例瘤壁钙化，2例门静脉瘤合并肝内门静脉分支变异，1例肝中静脉瘤合并门静脉-肝静脉瘘，2例上腔静脉瘤瘤体近心端狭窄，1例下腔静脉瘤合并右肾发育不良，1例下腔静脉瘤合并腹膜后肿瘤。结论 静脉瘤多发生于静脉分叉或交汇处，MRI及CT动态增强扫描及后处理技术可以直观显示静脉瘤，载瘤静脉及其合并症，为临床治疗提供精确的解剖学依据。
      【关键词】 静脉瘤；断层摄影；X线计算机；磁共振成像；多平面重建；最大密度投影；容积再现
      【中图分类号】 R732.2+2 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2019）13—1725—04

Imaging characteristics of venous aneurysm.
ZHOU Zhu-yu 1, ZHANG Hai-bing 2, TANG Min 3. 1. Department ofUltrasonography, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang 618000, Sichuan, CHINA; 2. Department of Radiology, DeyangPeople's Hospital, Deyang 618000, Sichuan, CHINA; 3. Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University,Shanghai 200032, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To analyze imaging characteristics of venous aneurysm. Methods Image data of 30 pa-tients of venous aneurysms who underwent CT and/or MR examination in Deyang People's Hospital between January,2012 and December, 2017 were collected. The raw data were post-processed with multiplanar reconstruction (MPR),maximum intensity projection (MIP), and volume rendering (VR) techniques. The imaging features of venous aneurysmsand its complications were analyzed. Results (1) Location of the lesions: 11 cases located in the portal vein, 6 in the ve-na cava, 5 in the jugular vein, 3 in the pulmonary vein, 2 in the renal vein, 1 in the great cerebral vein (aneurysm of Ga-len vein), 1 in the hepatic vein, and 1 in the retroperitoneal vein. (2) The morphologic features of venous aneurysms: 21lesions appeared as cystic and 9 cases as fusiform contour. (3) Complications and other variations: 12 cases was compli-cated with thrombus, 9 cases with a calcified wall, 2 cases with variations of portal vein, 1 case with hepatic vein-portalvenous fistula, 2 cases with proximal stenosis of superior vena cava, 1 case with dysplasia of the right kidney, 1 casewith a retroperitoneal tumor. Conclusion Venous aneurysms occur mostly in venous bifurcation or intersection. Dy-namic enhanced MRI and CT with post-processing technique can intuitively visualize venous aneurysm, parent venousand its complications or other variations as well, which can provide an accurate anatomical material for the clinical opti-mization of the treatment.
      【Key words】 Venous aneurysm; Tomography; X-ray computed; Magnetic resonance imaging; Multiple planar re-construction (MPR); Maximum intensity projection (MIP); Volume rendering (VR)