标题：学龄前儿童的睡眠状况调查及其对行为的影响

      作者：徐晓清 1，肖翔鹰 1，曾宏 2    1.中国科学院大学深圳医院(光明)儿童保健科，广东 深圳 518107；2.深圳市龙岗区坪地预防保健所儿童保健科，广东 深圳 518117

      卷次： 2019年30卷5期

      【摘要】 目的 调查深圳市光明区、龙岗区学龄前儿童的睡眠状况，并探讨其对儿童行为的影响。方法 2018年9—11月基于抽样调查对光明区、龙岗区1 400名3~6岁学龄前儿童进行研究，采用儿童睡眠习惯问卷(CSHQ)与长处和困难问卷(SDQ)了解其情绪和行为问题发生情况，并应用Logistic回归分析方法对行为问题影响因素进行分析。结果 共发放问卷1 400份，有效问卷1 309份，问卷总有效率为93.5%；SDQ问卷分数与母亲教育程度、父母养育观念等因素有关(P<0.05)，与年级、性别、民族、是否独生、父亲教育程度、睡眠环境、共睡情况、养育风格等因素无关(P>0.05)；Logistic回归分析发现，睡眠模式中仅夜间睡眠时长与行为问题有关(OR=7.337，P<0.05)；起床时间、就寝时间和午睡时长均与行为问题无关(P>0.05)；睡眠觉醒、睡眠持续时间与行为问题有关(P<0.05)；CSHQ总分、睡眠阻抗、入睡延迟、睡眠呼吸障碍、睡眠焦虑、睡眠伴随障碍、日间困倦与行为问题无关(P>0.05)。结论 学龄前儿童睡眠问题与家庭养育因素、人口学变量以及睡眠因素等有关，其中睡眠觉醒和睡眠持续时间对行为问题的改善具有重要意义。
      【关键词】 学龄前；儿童；睡眠异常；情绪；行为
      【中图分类号】 R729 【文献标识码】 D 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2019）05—629—03A

sleep questionnaire survey on sleep problems of preschool children and their impacts on behavior problems.
XUXiao-qing 1, XIAO Xiang-ying 1, ZENG Hong 2. 1. Department of Child Health, Shenzhen (Guangming) Hospital, ChineseAcademy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, CHINA; 2. Department of Child Health, Pingdi Preventive HealthCenter of Longgang District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518117, Guangdong, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the sleep problems of preschool children in Guangming District and Long-gang District of Shenzhen City and their effects on behavioral problems by cluster sampling. Methods From Septem-ber 2018 to November 2018, 1 400 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years in Guangming and Longgang Districts were in-vestigated based on sampling survey. The children's sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ) and Strength and Difficulty Ques-tionnaire (SDQ) were used to investigate the occurrence of emotional and behavioral problems, and to explore the charac-teristics and influencing factors of Sleep mode, sleep patterns, and sleep problems of preschool children in China.Results The scores of SDQ were related to factors such as mother's education level and parental rearing concept (P<0.05), but not to grade, gender, nationality, only child, father's education level, sleeping environment, sleeping together,and parenting style (P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that only the length of sleep at night was related to be-havioral problems (OR=7.337, P<0.05), while waking time, bedtime, and nap time were not related to behavioral prob-lems (P>0.05). Sleep awakening and duration were related to behavioral problems (P<0.05); total score of CSHQ, sleepdelay, sleep impedance, sleep anxiety, sleep apnea disorder, sleep accompanying disorder, daytime sleepiness were not re-lated to behavioral problems (P>0.05). Conclusion Sleep problems of preschool children are related to family rearingfactors, demographic variables, and sleep factors. Sleep arousal and sleep duration are of great significance to the im-provement of behavioral problems.
      【Key words】 Preschool age; Children; Sleep disorders; Emotion; Behavior·调查研究·doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6350.2019.05.027