标题：细颗粒物对雄性小鼠生殖功能的影响

      作者：周逢海 1，周川 2，吕海迪 1，李海元 1    1.甘肃省人民医院泌尿二科，甘肃 兰州 730000；2.四川大学华西医院泌尿外科，四川 成都 610000

      卷次： 2019年30卷5期

      【摘要】 目的 探讨长期环境细颗粒物(PM2.5)暴露对雄性BALB/c小鼠生殖功能的影响。方法 40只BALB/c小鼠利用随机数表法随机分为对照组和实验组各20只，对照组和实验组小鼠分别暴露于0.9%的生理盐水雾化、PM2.5混悬液雾化中，两组小鼠均连续暴露12周，每天6 h，随后行睾丸组织病理学检查、精子计数和畸形率测定以及睾丸组织丙二醛(MDA)含量和总抗氧化能力(TAC)检测；此外每组选10只雄鼠与正常雌鼠交配并统计受孕率。结果 对照组小鼠睾丸组织结构完整，少量淋巴细胞浸润，实验组小鼠睾丸组织炎性细胞浸润明显，生精小管结构发生明显改变，生精细胞层减少，生精细胞结构排列紊乱；实验组小鼠的精子数量为(4.43±0.55)×107/mL，与对照组精子数量(6.47±1.02)×107/mL相比明显下降，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；实验组小鼠的精子畸形率为(3.87±0.60)%，明显高于对照组的(1.56±0.13)%，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；实验组小鼠的睾丸组织中的MDA为(2.55±0.14) U/mg，明显高于对照组的(1.53±0.28) U/mg，TAC含量为(13.95±1.34) U/mg，明显低于对照组的(18.58±2.50) U/mg，差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；实验组雌鼠受孕率为60.0%，与对照组的100.0%相比明显降低，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 PM2.5长期暴露能够损伤雄性BALB/c小鼠的生殖功能。
      【关键词】 细颗粒物2.5；小鼠；生殖功能；生殖毒性；氧化损伤
      【中图分类号】 R-332 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1003—6350（2019）05—0545—04

Effect of fine particles on reproductive function of male mice.
ZHOU Feng-hai 1, ZHOU Chuan 2, LV Hai-di 1, LIHai-yuan 1. 1.Department of Urology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, CHINA; 2.Department of UrologySurgery, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, CHINA
【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effects of long-term exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) on repro-ductive function in male BALB/c mice. Methods A total of 40 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into controlgroup and experimental group according to the random number table method, with 20 mice in each group. Mice in thecontrol group and the experimental group were exposed to atomized 0.9% normal saline solution and PM2.5 suspension,respectively. Both groups of mice were exposed continuously for 12 weeks, 6 hours a day. Subsequent tests were per-formed or counted, including testicular histopathology, sperm count and malformation rate, the content of testicular tis-sue malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). In addition, 10 male BALB/c mice in each groupwere mated with normal female BALB/c mice, and the pregnancy rate was counted. Results In the control group, thetesticular tissue structure was intact with a small amount of lymphocytes infiltration. In the experimental group, the in-flammatory cells infiltration was obviously showed in testicular tissue, the spermatogenic tubule structure changed signif-icantly, the spermatogenic cell layer decreased, and the spermatogenic cell structure was disordered. The sperm numberof mice in the experimental group was (4.43±0.55)×107/mL, which was significantly lower than (6.47±1.02)×107/mL ofmice in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The sperm malformation rate of theexperimental group was (3.87±0.60)%, which was significantly higher than (1.56±0.13)% of the control group, and thedifference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the testicular tissue of the experimental group, the content of MDAwas (2.55±0.14) U/mg, which was significantly higher than (1.53±0.28) U/mg of the control group; and the TAC contentwas (13.95±1.34) U/mg, which was significantly lower than (18.58±2.50) U/mg of the control group; both differenceswere statistically significant (P<0.05). The pregnancy rate of female mice in the experimental group was 60.0%, whichwas significantly lower than 100.0% in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Long-term exposure to PM2.5 candamage the reproductive function of male BALB/c mice.
      【Key words】 Fine particulate matter 2.5; Mice; Reproductive function; Reproduction toxicity; Oxidative damage